Potatoes (Solanum), the Anti-Inflammatory Functional Food

By Kyle J. Norton

Inflammation is a natural defense of the immune system that protects the body against the insult from the foreign invasion.

Acute inflammation occurs quickly or within the hours and lasts a few days or weeks and the damaged tissues are healed themselves after all pathogens are killed off.

Truly, the main focus of inflammation is to repair damage and injury.

Most cases of infection associated with inflammation are stopped at the acute phase. The wound or injury is slowly recovered.

However, overexpression of inflammatory cytokines in most cases can cause improper healing with scar formation or the death of nearby cells.

Any inflammation that lasts more than 3 months is considered chronic inflammation.

However, if the immune system can not completely eradicate all invaders in the acute phase of infection, it will compromise, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation, a major cause of cardiovascular disease, arthritis, and diabetes.

Chronic inflammation also can be caused by overexpression of free radicals compared to the antioxidant enzymes in the body. This result can lead to an imbalance of the ratio of the levels of free radicals and antioxidants, the major cause of oxidative stress.

Chronic inflammation is a low-grade inflammation caused by the inability of the immune system to eliminate the invasive pathogens that occurred in the acute phase of infection.

However, people with a weakened immune system, acute inflammatory progression cannot be stopped due to the inability of the immune system to destroy all invaders, which may lead to low-grade chronic inflammation.

Longer-term oxidative stress in the body can also cause oxidative damage to biomolecules, including lipids, proteins, DNA damage.

Anti-inflammation is the process that inhibits inflammation or swelling without affecting the immune property to curb foreign pathogens.

Potato is a genus Solanum, belongs to the family Solanaceae. The veggie is a good source of protein and according to the statistic, the annual diet of an average global citizen is about 33 kg (72.6 Lbs) of potato. It now is growing worldwide in a suitable climate for commercial profits and health benefits, thus its consumption is extremely variable and rapidly changing.

On finding a potential plant that processes anti-inflammatory activity researchers examined the pharmacological potential of dehydrated potatoes om inflammation.

On the bioaccessible peptides that were fractionated on tested intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) under oxidative and inflammatory conditions,
* The tested peptide fractions demonstrated a significantly inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α release and cycloxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression.

* The tested peptides also showed significant antioxidant activity against the inflammatory process by inhibiting the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from mitochondria, and nitrotyrosine formation, and increasing the antioxidant response by heme oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase expression.

* Moreover, the peptide fractions showed a significant increase in the wound repair in IEC-6 activity through its anti-inflammatory property.

Collectively, researchers said, "The obtained results indicate the anti-inflammatory potential of dehydrated potatoes at the intestinal level".

Taken altogether, potatoes may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Dehydrated Potato-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Intestinal Cells by Basilicata MG1,2, Pepe G1, Rapa SF1, Merciai F1,2, Ostacolo C3, Manfra M4, Di Sarno V1, Autore G1, De Vita D5, Marzocco S1, Campiglia P. (PubMed)