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Wednesday 4 December 2019

Phytochemical indicaxanthin in the Prevention and Treatment of Intestinal Motility Disorders

By Kyle J. Norton

The digestive system included the gastrointestinal tract, the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder play a critical role to maintain the body normal function by providing nutrients and fluids to the body and remove waste through the secretary system.

Digestion is a process of the digestive system by breaking out down food after food intake through mechanical and enzymatic action.

Indigestion, on the other hand, is symptoms of another digestive disease, including GERD. Most cases of indigestion not caused by underlying diseases can be resolved quickly.

People with indigestion experience symptoms differently. Some may feel the symptoms of occasionally while others may feel often and daily.

The intestines, including the small, large and anus are a long tube that runs from the stomach to the anus.

The small intestines play a critical role to absorb nutrients and minerals from foods. 90% of the digestion and absorption of food occurs in the small digestion.
The large intestines help the body to the recovery water and electrolytes, formation and storage of feces and fermentation of some indigestible food matter by bacteria.

The anus is a last potion of the intestine that stores and eliminates feces.

Intestinal contractility is a process or action of smooth muscle in the intestinal wall that produces tonic contractions for the effective digestion and uptake of nutrients.

In other words, GI motility, secretion, regulation, digestion, and circulation formed a complete chain for maintaining good health

Betaxanthins are phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, Sicilian prickly pear, etc.

On finding a potent ingredient for the improvement of the digestive absorption, researchers examined the indicaxanthin, a chemical constituent of betaxanthins, spasmolytic effects on the intestinal contractility.

In vitro, according to the results of record the mechanical activity, indicaxanthin induced inhibitory effects on spontaneous mechanical activity, without affecting the anti-inflammatory activity of indomethacin, a non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.

Furthermore, the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), a nonselective inhibitor of phosphodiesterases (PDEs) was found to reduce the indicaxanthin effects in intestinal contractility.

Injection of the combination of Indicaxanthin and IBMX significantly reduced the carbachol-evoked contractions without producing any additive effect. 

The combined indicaxanthin and IBMX exerted an increased inhibitory effects of forskolin, an adenylyl cyclase activator, without additive effect.

Moreover, the chemical compound showed no effect on sodium nitroprusside, a soluble guanylyl cyclase activator.

Indicaxanthin increased both basal and forskolin-induced cAMP content of mouse ileal muscle, a second messenger for intracellular signal transduction to regulate glycogen, sugar, and lipid metabolism.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "Indicaxanthin reduces the contractility of ileal longitudinal muscle by inhibition of PDEs and increase of cAMP concentration and raises the possibility of using indicaxanthin in the treatment of motility disorders, such as abdominal cramps".

Taken altogether, Indicaxanthin may be considered a functional remedy for the treatment of digestive motility dysfunction, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Inhibitory effects of indicaxanthin on mouse ileal contractility: analysis of the mechanism of action by Baldassano S1, Rotondo A, Serio R, Livrea MA, Tesoriere L, Mulè F. (PubMed)

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