Kyle J. Norton
Inflammation is a process of the immune system that responds to harmful pathogens.
Inflammation can be acute or chronic. In the acute phase of infection, the immune system after receiving information from the neurons, macrophages, and the largest white blood cells in the first line of defense stimulates the production of blood palette to cover the wound and the production of inflammatory cytokines to kill off micro-organisms, leading to symptoms of fever, redness, and swelling.
However, in some cases, the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines may damage nearby healthy cells and tissues, causing the formation of scars.
In severe cases, a protein with duo functions in the production of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines which produce anti-inflammatory cytokines under normal conditions also switch to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Most cases of acute inflammation are resolved within a few days without causing damage to the wound tissues.
However, if the immune first line of defense can not completely destroy the invaders within a period of 3 to 8 weeks, it will compromise, leading to low-grade chronic inflammation.
Diseases associated with low-grade chronic inflammation include diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
Dr. in the examination of the etiology of chronic inflammation (CI) suggested that CI can result from the following:
* Failure to eliminate the agent causing an acute inflammation such as infectious disease-induced organisms
* Long-term exposure to a low level of particular irritant or foreign materials that cannot be eliminated by an enzymatic breakdown in the body including substances or industrial chemicals.
* An autoimmune disorder caused by the immune system that attacks healthy tissue, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
* Recurrent episodes of acute inflammation.
* Inflammation that causes oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs).
Conventionally, treatment of acute phase inflammation is to manage inflammation and prevent the risk of long-term damage, including anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which can be bought without a prescription.
Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.
The herb has been used in traditional medicine as an anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.
In finding a potential compound for the treatment of chronic diseases, researchers examined the efficacy of turmeric on continued oxidative stress and oxidative damage that lead to chronic inflammation in the mediation of most chronic diseases.
At the molecular level, turmeric showed significant anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the proteins associated with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including the NF-κB and COX-2.
Furthermore, the proteins associated with the response to cytokines and growth factors such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 were also inhibited by the injection of turmeric.
Moreover, the administration of turmeric also inhibited the production of ROS by promoting the production of antioxidant enzymes such as nrf2, a protein that regulates the expression of antioxidant proteins that protect against oxidative damage.
Furthermore, numerous studies also indicated that curcumin not only is highly potent against antimicrobial disease but also inhibits the onset of various chronic diseases including cancers, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, and autoimmune diseases.
As of today, over 100 different clinical trials also showed that curcumin is safe, tolerable and effective against various chronic diseases in humans.
Taken together, turmeric processed abundantly bioactive compound curcumin may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of turmeric in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Curcumin, the golden nutraceutical: multitargeting for multiple chronic diseases by Kunnumakkara AB1, Bordoloi D1, Padmavathi G1, Monisha J1, Roy NK1, Prasad S2, Aggarwal BB. (PubMed)
(2) Curcumin, inflammation, and chronic diseases: how are they linked? by He Y1, Yue Y2, Zheng X3,4, Zhang K5, Chen S6, Du Z. (PubMed)
(3) Chronic Inflammation by Roma Pahwa; Ishwarlal Jialal. (NCBI)
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