The lipoprotein profiles or lipoprotein parameters are a general term comprised of the traditional lipoprotein profile including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride.
Total cholesterol is the total amount of cholesterol in your blood, including the low-density lipoprotein (LDL, or “bad”) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL, or “good”) cholesterol.
The healthy ratio of blood cholesterol is less than 4 of the low-density lipoprotein to 1 of the high-density lipoprotein.
Where low-density lipoprotein is produced by the liver or from food sources needed for the cells to build strong membranes, and produce steroid hormones, vitamin D, and bile to aid the digestive system in absorbing nutrients and fluids.
And high-density lipoprotein produced by the liver or from external sources is needed to return the low-density lipoprotein back to the liver.
Triglycerides, an important measure of heart health is the fat in the blood caused by the over-consumption of foods containing fat, carbohydrates, and simple sugars.
Factors that affect your lipoprotein profiles can be unpreventable including age, gender, race, and genetic preposition, and preventable such as diet, weight, physical activity, and smoking.
Some researchers suggested that people who are obese are at a substantially higher risk of poor lipoprotein profiles.
Dr. Pandolfi C, the lead scientist wrote, "Lipid pattern has resulted in overlapping both in the two studied populations and in the two subgroups of pre-and postmenopausal women, while greater concentrations of Lp(a), (p < 0.001) and t-PA (p < 0.05) have been found in obese populations vs controls".
Bilberry is a species of low-growing shrub in the genus Vaccinium, belongings to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern Europe.
The plant has been used as herb in traditional medicine for the treatment of acute and chronic diarrhea, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, enterocolitis, ulcerative colitis, anemia, cystitis, kidney disease, psoriasis, diabetes, etc.
In the urgency of finding natural sources of plant-based compounds for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), researchers investigated regular consumption of bilberries in CVD risk reduction.
Women (n=25) and men (n=11) selected for the study received 150 g of frozen stored bilberries 3 times a week for 6 weeks. All parameters associated with the risk of CVD were measured by standard assays.
In both sexes, the consumption of bilberries led to a decrease in the parameters of lipoprotein profiles, including total cholesterol, LDL-C, TG, and a positive increase in HDL-C.
However, in men, additionally, favorable changes were observed in total cholesterol (P=.004), reduced oxidative stress, and HDL-C, but an increase in LDL-C compared to the women group.
In other words, the regular intake of bilberries can be important to reduce CVD risk, by promoting a decrease of LDL-C/TG and an increase of HDL-C.
Furthermore, in order to reveal more information about bilberry against CVD risk, researchers compared consumed dried sea buckthorn berries (SBs), sea buckthorn oil (SBo), sea buckthorn phenolics ethanol extract mixed with maltodextrin (SBe+MD, 1:1), or frozen bilberries on metabolic profiles.
In a total of 80 women selected to complete this randomized crossover study for 30 d, all interventions induced a significant effect on the overall metabolic profiles, particularly in lipid parameters observed both in participants who had a metabolic profile that reflected higher cardiometabolic risk at baseline (group B) and in participants who had a lower-risk profile (group A).
However, the bilberries treatment group caused beneficial changes in serum lipids and lipoproteins in group B, whereas the opposite was true in group A.
The finding clearly suggested bilberries modulated the parameters of lipids and lipoproteins depending on the risk of CVD.
Dr. Larmo PS, after taking into account co and confounders wrote, "Berry intake has overall metabolic effects, which depend on the cardiometabolic risk profile at baseline (including bilberry)".
Taken altogether, bilberry may be considered a functional remedy for the promotion of lipid-protein profiles in reducing the risk of CVD, pending the validation of a larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Intake of bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) reduced risk factors for cardiovascular disease by inducing favorable changes in lipoprotein profiles by Habanova M1, Saraiva JA2, Haban M3, Schwarzova M4, Chlebo P5, Predna L6, Gažo J7, Wyka J. (PubMed)
(2) Effects of sea buckthorn and bilberry on serum metabolites differ according to baseline metabolic profiles in overweight women: a randomized crossover trial by Larmo PS1, Kangas AJ, Soininen P, Lehtonen HM, Suomela JP, Yang B, Viikari J, Ala-Korpela M, Kallio HP. (PubMed)
(3) [Lipoprotein(a), parameters of lipid metabolism and hemostasis in obese patients].[Article in Italian] by Pandolfi C1, Pellegrini L, Dedè A, Lo Vecchio M, Mercantini F. (PubMed)
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