By Kyle J. Norton
Hyperglycemia is a condition of abnormally high blood glucose present in the bloodstream.
Black beans, small roughly ovoid legumes with glossy black shells, genus Phaseolus, and belongings to the family Fabaceae can be bought in most grocery stores all around the year in dried and canned forms. It is believed that the black bean was the first domesticated growth in South America.
Black or common beans with abundant fiber may be considered as functional foods in reduced risk of hyperglycemia, the early onset of diabetes, a renowned institute postulated.
In high-fat diet-induced glucose-intolerant obese C57BL/6J mice, black adzuki bean (BAB) extract injection showed an improved function of pancreatic β cells in inhibiting tolerance of the high glucose-induced glucotoxicity at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL.
The dietary supplementation BAB extract also expressed significantly (P < .05) improved hyperglycemia and homeostasis model, using an insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR).
Furthermore, mice fed with the extract also stimulated gene expression in regulated glucose metabolism and insulin response.
Dr. Kim M, the lead researcher said, "BAB extract ameliorates hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance, and lowers HOMA-IR (assessment) by regulating insulin secretion and response, and by maintaining the integrity of pancreatic β cells exposed to hyperglycemic conditions".
Additionally, in the investigated possible protective effects of black bean peel extract (BBPE), pomegranate peel extract (PPE), and a combination of the two (PPE + BBPE) on streptozotocin-induced DM mice, researchers at the Xuzhou Medical College, indicated that black bean fed mice showed different degrees, in decreased blood glucose, increased insulin secretion, pancreas weight index, and antioxidative activity.
Dr. Wang JY, the lead author said, "PPE and BBPE, particularly the combination of the two, have the ability to ameliorate hyperglycemia by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced pancreatic damage".
The results of these experiments not only displayed the positive effects of black beans in reduced hyperglycemia risk regardless of types of preparation but also addressed the important issue of the contribution of higher outcomes in risk control.
Promisingly, in the compared glycemic response of bean and rice in traditional meals and rice alone in adults with type 2 diabetes of 17 men and women, group injection of traditional meals showed lower postprandial net glucose values in contrast to the rice control at 90, 120 and 150 minutes.
Collectively, the black bean may be used as a functional food in ameliorating the risk and treatment of hyperglycemia, thus reducing the risk of early onset of diabetes.
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(1) Black Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis) Extract Protects Pancreatic β Cells and Improves Glucose Tolerance in C57BL/6J Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet by Kim M1, Kim DK2, Cha YS1.(PubMed)
(2) Extracts of black bean peel and pomegranate peel ameliorate oxidative stress-induced hyperglycemia in mice by Wang JY1, Zhu C1, Qian TW1, Guo H1, Wang DD1, Zhang F1, Yin X1.(PubMed)
(3) Bean and rice meals reduce postprandial glycemic response in adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross-over study by Thompson SV1, Winham DM, Hutchins AM.(PubMed)
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