By Kyle J. Norton
Bile acids are synthesized by oxidation from cholesterol in the liver, flowing to the gallbladder to aid digestion.
Bile acid-binding is a process to interfere with normal fat digestion and absorption, including preventing the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins such as A, D, E, and K.
In other words, the binding of bile acids (BAs) may have a solid effect on lowering blood cholesterol levels by increasing the excretion of bile acids in the stool and reducing the amount of bile acid returning to the liver.
By inhibiting the levels of bile acid caused by a certain type of liver/bile duct disease such as partial biliary obstruction, levels of cholesterol can be controlled.
Conventionally, the effects of bile acid sequestrants are limited. Low doses of 8 grams/day of Cholestyramine, a bile acid sequestrant, which binds bile in the gastrointestinal tract to prevent its reabsorption can lower LDL cholesterol by 10%-15% compared to high doses of 24 grams/day of only 25%.
In other words, bile acid-binding medicine such as Cholestyramine, used alone is less effective, compared to statins in lowering LDL cholesterol.
The most common symptoms associated with the intake of Cholestyramine are constipation, diarrhea, stomach/abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite.
Bile acid sequestrants such as lovastatin combined with niacin may be used to lower aggressively lower LDL cholesterol levels.
Dr. Gordon Schectman and colleagues in the study published at the American Journals of Cardiology wrote, " Niacin and lovastatin are effective drugs for hypercholesterolemia management in the Veterans Administration Medical Center setting. However, in elderly veterans, bile acid sequestrants were associated with a higher rate of adverse effects limiting compliance, and psyllium was ineffective".
Kale is a species of Brassica Oleracea, belongings to the family Brassicaceae, native to coastal southern and western Europe.
Kale's leave is highly nutritious and cultivated as food in most parts of Europe.
On finding a potent compound for the prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia, researchers examined the effects of kale bile acid-binding capacity.
The study included the testing of three different compositions of bile acids to establish the optimal dose for bile acid binding.
Compared to other cruciferous vegetables such as red leaf lettuce, red cabbage, red kale, green kale, and Brussels sprouts, kale showed significantly higher bile acid-binding capacity at 1.5 g sample and remained constant up to 2.5 g.
In kale Comparision, minimally processed (microwaved 3 min or steamed 8 min) green kale showed significantly higher bile acid-binding capacity (91.1 ± 0.3 and 90.2 ± 0.7%, respectively) compared to lyophilized kale (85.5 ± 0.24%).
Furthermore, kale also prevented cholesterol reabsorption into the blood by binding to hydrophobic bile acids, chenodeoxycholic acid, and deoxycholic acid preferably.
These results suggested that kale processes the highest anti-hypercholesterolemic activity by binding to bile acids compared to other veggies in the same family.
Based on the findings, researchers said, "Regular consumption of kale, especially minimally processed kale, can help excrete more bile acids and, thus, may lower the risk of hypercholesterolemia".
Taken altogether, kale may be considered a functional food for the promotion of bile acid-binding, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of turmeric in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) In Vitro Bile Acid Binding Capacities of Red Leaf Lettuce and Cruciferous Vegetables by Yang IF1, Jayaprakasha GK1, Patil BS. (PubMed)
(2) Evaluation of the effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapy (bile acid sequestrants, niacin, psyllium, and lovastatin) for treating hypercholesterolemia in veterans by Gordon Schectman, Schectmana, Jan Hiatt, Pharm D. Arthur Hartz, MD. (the American Journals of Cardiology)
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