Coffee and Coffee Caffeine Intake and the Risk of Endometriosis

By Kyle J. Norton


Coffee is a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, made from roasted beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.

Epidemiological studies do not agree that coffee regular intake is associated with the risk of endometriosis, according to the IRCSS Fondazione Ca' Granda.

In a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies published up to January 2013 to analyze the relative risks (RR) of endometriosis for any, high and low versus no coffee/caffeine consumption, researchers filed the following reports

1. A total of six case-control and two cohort studies, including a total of 1,407 women with endometriosis were found in this review
2. The relative ratio was 1.26 and 1.13 for coffee and caffeine consumed participants respectively, in compared to the non-consumption group
3. The overall relative ratio was 1.18 in the coffee consumption group after taking into account the number of cups of coffee intake and other risk factors
4. Risk of endometriosis increased reduced to 1.09 compared to high and low caffeine consumption as compared to no consumption, respectively.
Dr. Chiaffarino F, based on the information of this review said, "The present meta-analysis provided no evidence for an association between coffee/caffeine consumption and the risk of endometriosis. Coffee/caffeine consumption, as currently used in the diet, does not carry a health risk".

Others, the examine data from two case-control studies conducted in Northern Italy between 1984 and 1999 with 504 women aged < 65 years (median age 33 years, range 20-65) with a laparoscopically confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis, admitted to a network of obstetrics and gynecology departments in Milan, Brescia and Pavia and 504 healthy women acted as a control, researchers at the Università di Milano after adjusting to other risk factors suggested that there may be a link between diet and risk of endometriosis but coffee intake do not form the significant risk of endometriosis incidence.

In contrast to the above studies, the cross-sectional study included 28,822 women, 1,228 women with endometriosis, and the self-reported diagnosis was confirmed by medical records conducted by the joint institutes led by the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, coffee intake was associated to risk of development of endometriosis.



The study also indicated that even coffee showed a positive association with the risk of endometriosis, but future studies are needed to explore the significance of other factors such as age at menarche, level of education, body mass index (BMI), parity, oral contraceptive (OC) use, infertility, smoking, and alcohol intake in the diagnosis of endometriosis and understanding of its etiology.

Taking all together, although there is conflicting information related to coffee intake and the risk of endometriosis, women with a family history of endometriosis are recommended to reduce their intake of coffee and coffee caffeine and consult with their doctors before applying a high amount of coffee daily.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Coffee and caffeine intake and risk of endometriosis: a meta-analysis by Chiaffarino F1, Bravi F, Cipriani S, Parazzini F, Ricci E, Viganò P, La Vecchia C.(PubMed)
(2) Selected food intake and risk of endometriosis by Parazzini F1, Chiaffarino F, Surace M, Chatenoud L, Cipriani S, Chiantera V, Benzi G, Fedele L.(PubMed)
(3) Reproductive and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Endometriosis in a Large Cross-Sectional Population Sample by Saha R1, Kuja-Halkola R2, Tornvall P1, Marions L1.(PubMed)