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Friday, 18 June 2021

Moronic Acid Found in Rhus javanica, Mistletoe,..., A Promising Antidiabetic Antioxidant and Phytochemical

By Kyle J. Norton

Diabetes is a chronic low-grade inflammatory condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate glucose.

In other words, diabetes occurs when cells in the pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.

Inflammation is a natural defense of the immune system that protects the body against the insult from foreign invasion.

Acute inflammation occurs quickly or within the hours and lasts a few days or weeks and the damaged tissues are healed themselves after all pathogens are killed off.

However, if the immune system can not completely eradicate all invaders in the acute phase of infection, it will compromise, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation, a major cause of cardiovascular disease, arthritis, and diabetes.

Chronic inflammation is a low-grade inflammation caused by the inability of the immune system to eliminate the invasive pathogens that occurred in the acute phase of infection.

Any inflammation that lasts more than 8 weeks is considered chronic inflammation.

Believe it or not, worldwide, 3 of 5 death are results from chronic inflammatory diseases like stroke, chronic respiratory diseases, heart disorders, cancer, obesity, and diabetes.

In the US, chronic inflammatory diseases affect more than 50 million Americans each year.

Sub-chronic diabetic treatment is a process associated with the treatment of diabetes that lasts only in a moderate or intermediate duration.


Moronic acid is a phytochemical in the subclass of Triterpenoid, belonging to the group of Terpenes found extracted from Rhus javanica, Mistletoe, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of diabetes, researchers examined the ix derivatives (1-6) of moronic acid that were semi-synthesized and their in vitro protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) inhibition activity in diabetes.* In rat induced diabetes, derivatives 2 (IC50=10.8 ± 0.5 μM) and 6 (IC50=7.5 ± 0.1 μM) displayed the most potent inhibitory activity.

* The derivatives decreased plasma glucose levels during all the experiments in vitro and vivo.

* Most importantly, The #2 had polar and Van der Waals interactions in both sites with Val49, Gln262, Met258, Phe182, Ala217, Ile219, and Gly259 and # 6 showed polar interaction with Gln262 and Van der Waals with Val49, Ile219, Gly259, Arg254, Ala27, Phe52, Met258, the proteins associated with the onset of diabetes.
Based on the findings, researchers said, "derivatives 2 and 6 have the potential for the development of antidiabetic agents".

Taken altogether, moronic acid may be considered a remedy for the treatment of diabetes in a short duration, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) In vitro and in silico PTP-1B inhibition and in vivo antidiabetic activity of semisynthetic moronic acid derivatives by Cerón-Romero L1, Paoli P2, Camici G2, Flores-Morales V3, Rios MY4, Ramírez-Espinosa JJ1, Hidalgo-Figueroa S1, Navarrete-Vázquez G1, Estrada-Soto S. (PubMed)

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