α-Tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) Protects the Brain Against the Onset of Cerebral Malaria in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

The brain formed part of the central nervous system is the most complex organ made up of more than billions of nerve cells or neurons.

The functions of the brain are associated with the communication of trillions of connections called synapses in many specialized regions.

A neuron or nerve cell made of a cell body (also called soma), dendrites and an axon, is a cell in the nervous system that carries electrical impulses.

Neurons are core components of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral
Neurological disorders are diseases of the central nervous system including the brain, spine and the nerves that connect them. The most common diseases associated with neurological disorders in the elderly are dementia.

Cerebral malaria is the most severe case of neurological complications caused by the infection with the Plasmodium falciparum malaria and parasite on peripheral blood smears.

The most common symptoms of cerebral malaria are fever, headache, body ache and progressively, delirium and coma.

However, in adults, cerebral malaria is part of a multi-organ disease. 

In African children, seizures papilledema and retinal changes are less common and coma resolution is slower, compared to other races.

Conventionally, the first-line treatment of cerebral malaria is therapy with concentrations of anti-malarial drugs as quickly as possible.

Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belongings to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, and seed or nut oils, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of cerebral diseases, researchers examined the effects of α-Tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS), a derivative of vitamin E, synthesized by esterification of α-tocopherol for treatment of cerebral malaria.

On C57BL/6J mice infected with P. yoelii 17XL and P. berghei ANKA, a lethal strain of rodent malaria, treatment with several concentrations of α-TOS by intraperitoneal administration on 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post-infection (dpi) showed a strong effect on Plasmodium parasites by oxidative stress.

Moreover, α-TOS treatment decreased the parasitemia and increased the survival rate significantly in mice infected with both parasites. 

Additionally, the intensity of Evans blue staining on brains taken from α-TOS-treated mice was weaker than that of untreated mice.

In other words, α-TOS inhibited the breakdown of BBB that allow the initiation and progression of cerebral malaria.

Collectively, researchers said, "These findings indicate that vitamin E derivatives like α-TOS might be a potential candidate for treatment drugs against malaria".

Taken altogether, tocopherols may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of cerebral malaria, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) α-Tocopheryl succinate-suppressed development of cerebral malaria in mice by Kume A1, Kasai S2, Furuya H1, Suzuki H. (PubMed)