Antioxidant Moronic Acid, a Natural and Potential Anti-HIV Agents

By Kyle J. Norton

Human immunodeficiency virus -1 (HIV-1) is one of 2 types of HIV precipitated of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), transmitted through direct contact with HIV-infected body fluids, including blood, semen, and genital secretions,...

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic condition caused by the infection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

According to epidemiological studies, people who serval sexual partners are the most at risk of HIV infection.

However, the virus can also transmit through infected blood transfusion, infected mother to children.

Most people infected by the HIV virus may experience symptoms of fever, muscle aches and joint pain similar to those of influenza in the early stage of the viral attacks.

People in the early stage infected by the virus may experience some acute symptoms caused by the immune response, including fever sore throat, rash, muscle and joint aches and pains, headache,...

If untreated, the virus will slowly multiply and destroy the cells of the immune system, leading to chronic signs and symptoms of fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes,...

In the late stage, HIV-1 may severely damage the immune system, making the infected host vulnerable to a variety of life-threatening diseases and cancers. If an infected individual has the numbers of T-cell count below 200, the person is considered to have AIDs.

According to the statistic, AIDS is the fifth leading cause of death in the US.

People between ages 25 and 44 in the United States are at substantially higher risk compared to other age groups.

According to statistics, approximately 36.7 million people worldwide living with HIV/AIDS in 2016, including, 2.1 million children less than 15 years of age.

Moronic acid is a phytochemical in the subclass of Triterpenoid, belonging to the group of Terpenes found in extracted from Rhus javanica, Mistletoe, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the prevention of viral infection, researchers compared the anti-HIV activity of seven new triterpene derivatives.

According to the results of differentiation,

* Moronic acid derivatives 19, 20, and 21 showed significant activity in HIV-1 infected H9 lymphocytes.

* Furthermore, in the MT-4 cell line, compounds 19 and 20 showed strong effects against HIV-1 NL4-3 and drug-resistant strains in the MT-4 cell line compared to the betulinic acid analog 8 (PA-457), which has successfully completed a Phase IIa clinical trial.

* Moreover, the compound 20 showed potent anti-HIV activity with EC50 values of 0.0085 microM against NL4-3, 0.021 microM against PI-R (a multiple protease inhibitor resistant strain), and 0.13 microM against FHR-2 (an HIV strain resistant to 8).

Based on the findings, researchers said, "Promising compound 20 has become a new lead for modification, and further development of 20-related compounds as clinical trial candidates is warranted".

Taken altogether, moronic acid may be considered a promising anti-HIV agent,  pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of moronic acid in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Anti-AIDS agents 69. Moronic acid and other triterpene derivatives as novel potent anti-HIV agents by Yu D1, Sakurai Y, Chen CH, Chang FR, Huang L, Kashiwada Y, Lee KH. (PubMed)