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Friday, 3 January 2020

Green Peas (Pisum Sativum) Protect the Digestive Tract Against Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections

By Kyle J. Norton

Gastrointestinal parasitic infections are inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract caused by parasites.

A parasite lived on or in a host is an organism that gets its food at the expense of the host. Parasites are also completely dependent on the host for survivals, including lice, ringworms, pinworms, and scabies.

Believe it or not, over 70 percent of parasites are not visible to the human eye, such as the malarial parasite, However, some parasites such as worms can reach many meters in length.

Most common parasites can be classified into 3 main types
* Protozoa also known as single-celled eukaryotes in the formal term, is an organism that only can multiply, or divide, within the host but also often forms group into plant-like algae and fungus-like water molds and slime molds.

* Helminths are types of worm parasites including roundworm, pinworm, trichina spiralis, tapeworm, and fluke.

* Ectoparasites are parasites that can live outside the host such as lice and fleas.

Infection is an inflammatory condition caused by a microbial invasion on body tissues

Most cases of micro-infection except viruses are treated with antibiotics. For example, medicine such as praziquantel (Biltricide) can cause the tapeworms to detach from the gut, become dissolved, and then pass out of the body.

Parasite infection can cause varying symptoms, depending on the severity and types of parasite. The most common symptoms are skin bumps or rashes, weight loss, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting, aches and pains, fatigue and tiredness and general feeling unwell.

Conventionally, treatments are total depending on the types of parasitic infection. Treatments are effective in most cases if the parasite is identified.

Green peas are species of Pisum Sativum belongings to the family Fabaceae and native to western Asia from the Mediterranean Sea to the Himalaya Mountains. The pea is a green, pod-shaped vegetable and a cool-season crop grown in many parts of the world.

On finding a potent ingredient for the treatment of digestive diseases, researchers investigated the impact of a diet rich in green peas on the development of gastrointestinal parasitic infections.

The scFv generated a panel of anti-Eimeria scFv antibody fragments with high sporozoite-neutralizing activity as antibodies,  purified either from the pea seeds demonstrated no difference in their antigen-binding activity and molecular form compositions.

Furthermore, oral delivery of flour prepared from the transgenic pea seeds had higher parasite neutralizing activity in vivo.

Moreover, The pea seed content was found to protect antibodies against degradation by gastrointestinal proteases (>100-fold gain instability) against the onset of parasitic infection.

Most importantly, feeding poultry with antibody expressing pea seeds led to significant mitigation of infection caused both by high and low challenge doses of Eimeria oocysts.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "The results suggest that our strategy offers a general approach to control parasitic infections in production animals using cost-effective antibody expression in crop seeds affordable for the animal health market".

Taken altogether, green peas may be considered a functional food for the prevention of gastrointestinal parasitic infections,  pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Antibody expressing pea seeds as fodder for prevention of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in chickens by Jana Zimmermann, Isolde Saalbach, Sergey M. Kipriyanov. (Semantic Scholar)

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