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Wednesday, 9 June 2021

Omega 3 Fatty Acids as Non-Immunosuppressive Phytochemical for the Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases (RA) and Neuropathic Pain Symptoms

By Kyle J. Norton

The immune system is the set of cells comprised of the body's defense system against diseases.
Immunosuppressive agents are a class of drugs that suppress, or reduce, the strength of the body's immune system.

Non-immunosuppressive agents, including fish oils, anticoagulants, antihypertensive agents and tonsillectomy also substances used to modulatory immune function but have not been reviewed systematically.

Underactive immunity can be a primary immune deficiency or acquired immune deficiency. People with weakened immunity, regardless of the cause are at constant danger of infections from bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

The overactive immune system is a class of autoimmune diseases or chronic inflammatory diseases caused by the immune system attacking the body's tissue, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus,.... and multiple sclerosis.

The widespread chronic inflammatory diseases in modern society are a burden to humans because of life-long debilitating illness, increased mortality and high costs for therapy and care.

Depending on the substances that affect the immunomodulatory process, some may improve the immune function by modulating the genes involved immune responses and protect the immune system against toxins or immunotoxic effects such as abnormal allergic reactions, other such as heavy metals can induce opposite effects.

For example, curcumin (diferuloylmethane), found in the spice turmeric and processed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemopreventive activities may improve the immune system in the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines by target the genes associated with programming cell death and anti-inflammatory action and involved in the induction of these immune parameters.

On the other hand, toxic chemicals such as cadmium and lead accumulated in the body can have a negative impact on the immune defense by reducing the viability of both lymphocytes and macrophages was affected by heavy metals in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Additionally, in vitro model, overexpression of lead and cadmium can results in dysregulation of lymphocytes and macrophages in stimulating the production of proinflammatory cytokines.

Rheumatism is autoimmune and inflammatory diseases marked by inflammation and pain in the joints, muscles, or fibrous tissue, especially rheumatoid arthritis.

In other words, rheumatic diseases are a medical and chronic condition characterized inflammation that affects your joints tendons, ligaments, bones, and muscles, including a group of diseases associated with arthritis.

Neuropathic pain is pain caused by damage or disease that affects the somatosensory nervous system.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of rheumatic diseases (RA) and neuropathic pain (NP), associated with side effects of biological agents, opioids, corticoids, and gabapentinoids induced immunosuppression, researchers examined anti-RA and NP specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) activity.

SPMs are biosynthesized from the omega-3 fatty acids arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

According to the tested analysis,
* The application of SPMs in vivo, showed efficacy at very low doses, as a therapeutic drug to treat pain and infection, without inducing side effects.

* SPMs were found to exerted immune-resolvents activity as a long-lasting analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

In other words, SPMs blocked the initiation of pain without causing immunosuppressive effects.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "SPMs block pain, infection and neuro-immune interactions and, therefore, emerge as a new class of non-immunosuppressive and non-opioid analgesic drugs".

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids may be considered a functional food for the treatment of s Non-Immunosuppressive Phytochemical for the Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases (RA) and Rheumatic Diseases and Neuropathic Pain Symptoms, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators: A new class of non-immunosuppressive and non-opioid analgesic drugs by Fattori V1, Zaninelli TH2, Rasquel-Oliveira FS2, Casagrande R3, Verri WA Jr. (PubMed)

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