Ashwagandha Inhibits β-amyloid Against the Risk of Alzheimer's disease

By Kyle J. Norton

Amyloid beta (Aβ or Abeta) is the main component of the amyloid plaques that cause the gradual death of neurons, the leading cause of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease is a common form of dementia or neurodegenerative disease found in the elderly.

Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia correlated with major reductions of neurons to the respective target areas, named after German physician Alois Alzheimer.

According to the statistics, the disease is most prevalent in the elderly. Approximately 5.7 million Americans of all ages are living with Alzheimer's. 15.9 million family caregivers provide an estimated 18.2 billion hours and $230 billion to people with dementia worldwide.

 Alzheimer's disease is caused by a combination of genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors that affect the neurons of the brain over time.

However, less 10% of patients with AD are associated with a genetic preposition. Patients with such mutated genes on chromosomes 21, 14, and 1are virtually guaranteed to develop the disease.

More precisely, Alzheimer's disease is caused by the gradual loss of neuron functioning that usually starts with the early symptom of the difficulty of remembering recent events and worsens over time.

Alzheimer's destroys brain cells, causing cognitive modalities severe enough to affect language communication, memory, lifelong hobbies or social life. Alzheimer's gets worse over time, and it is fatal.

Ashwagandha also is known as Withania somnifera is a nightshade plant in the genus of Withania, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to the dry parts of India, North Africa, Middle East, and the Mediterranean.

The herbal medicine has been considered as Indian ginseng and used in Ayurvedic medicine over 3000 years to treat tumors and tubercular glands, carbuncles, memory loss, and ulcers and considered as anti-stress, cognition-facilitating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging herbal medicine.

On finding a potent compound for the treatment of the neurodegenerative disorder, researchers examined the effects of Withania somnifera (WS) against β-Amyloid (1–42)-induced neuropathogenesis.

According to the tested results, methanol Chloroform (3:1) extract from ashwagandha showed a strong activity against β-amyloid induced toxicity and HIV-1Ba-L (clade B) induced infection in a human neuronal SK-N-MC cell line.

Furthermore, the efficacy of the extracts inhibited β-amyloid induced cytotoxic effects by decreasing the cell growth in SK-N-MC cells.

Moreover, the extracts also protect the spine functioning by decreasing spine density, loss of spines and dendrite diameter, total dendrite and spine area in clade B infected SK-N-MC cells compared to uninfected cells.

Additionally, the MTT cell viability assays and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) levels that regulate adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, cell proliferation, and inflammation also supported the neuroprotective effect of WS root extract against β-amyloid and HIV-1Ba-L (clade B) induced neuro-pathogenesis.

Taken altogether, Ashwagandha may be considered a functional herb for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, pending to the result of larger sample size and multicenter study



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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Reverses β-Amyloid1-42Induced Toxicity in Human Neuronal Cells: Implications in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) by Kesava Rao, Venkata Kurapati, Venkata Subba Rao Atluri, Thangavel Samikkannu, and Madhavan P. N. Nair. (Plos One)