Healthy Food Onion Protects the Gallbladder Against Cholesterol Gallstone Formation

By Kyle J. Norton

Cholesterol gallstones caused by the accumulation of cholesterol in the gallbladder is the most common type of gallstone with yellow in color.

Gallstone is a condition caused by the hardening of deposits of digestive fluid formed in the gallbladder.

The digestive fluid or bile is produced by the gallbladder that releases into the small intestine to aid digestion.

If the cholesterol gallstone blocks the gallbladder duct, it can induce symptoms of cudden and rapidly intensifying pain in the upper right portion of your abdomen and intensifying pain in the center of your abdomen, and pain between your shoulder blades and right shoulder.

Some patients may also experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting.

Conventionally, surgery for cholesterol gallstones is only for patients who have experienced symptoms of pain.  

Some researchers suggested there are evidence that the rise of cholesterol gallstone in the US may

 be correlated to the promotion of the Western diet over the past few decades.

Dr. Yongsoon Park wrote, "Patients with cholesterol gallstone consumed more lipid, animal lipid, beef, pork, and fried food than those with pigment gallstones and control, while patients with pigment gallstone consumed more carbohydrate and noodles than patients with cholesterol gallstone and control".

And, "consumption of fat from meat and fried foods increased the risk of cholesterol gallstone, and intake of carbohydrate from noodles increased the risk of pigment gallstone".

The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belonging to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic. It is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures. 

Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

With an aim to find a potential and natural compound for the prevention of cholesterol gallstone formation, researchers evaluated the anti-lithogenic effect of a combination of dietary fenugreek seeds and onion.

The study included Lithogenesis induced mice fed with a high (0.5%) cholesterol diet (HCD) for 10 weeks with Fenugreek (12%) and onion (2%) included individually and in combination in this HCD.

According to the tested analysis, 

* Fenugreek, onion, and their combination reduced the incidence of cholesterol gallstones by 75%, 27%, and 76%, respectively.

*Total cholesterol content in mice fed with Fenugreek, onion, and their combination was also reduced by 38-42%, 50-72%, and 61-80%, respectively.

* These results have a strong effect on the reduction of cholesterol/phospholipid ratio involved in gallstone formation in serum, liver, and bile. 

* The cholesterol saturation index of bile was reduced from 4.14 to 1.38 and 2,33 in mice fed with the combination of fenugreek and onion respectively.

* The phospholipid and bile acid contents of the bile were increased in all groups.

* Hepatic lipid peroxidation was reduced by 19-22% and 39-45% with fenugreek, onion and their combination included in the diet along with the HCD.

* Interestingly, the increased accumulation of fat in the liver and inflammation of the gallbladder membrane produced by HCD were totally reduced by fenugreek, onion, and their combination.

Based on the results, researchers suggested that Fenugreek and onion inhibited the parameters involved in the cholesterol formation of gallstone.

After taking into account of co and confounders, Dr. Reddy RR, the lead scientist wrote, "The anti-lithogenic influence was highest with fenugreek alone, and the presence of onion along with it did not further increase this effect".

According to Dr. Vidyashankar S, the lead researchers in the study of cholesterol gallstones by dietary garlic and onion in mice fed with a lithogenic diet for 10 weeks, the efficacy of onion in the inhibition of cholesterol formation of gallstone stone was attributed to the acceleration of the regression of preformed CGS by promoting cholesterol desaturation in bile.

Taken altogether, onion may be considered a remedy for the prevention of cholesterol gallstone formation, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Dietary fenugreek and onion attenuate cholesterol gallstone formation in lithogenic diet-fed mice by Reddy RR1, Srinivasan K. (PubMed)
(2) Regression of preestablished cholesterol gallstones by dietary garlic and onion in experimental mice by Vidyashankar S1, Sambaiah K, Srinivasan K. (PubMed)
(3) Association between diet and gallstones of cholesterol and pigment among patients with cholecystectomy: a case-control study in Korea by Yongsoon Park,#1 Doyeon Kim,1 Ju Seon Lee,1 Yu Na Kim,1 Yoon Kyung Jeong,2Kyeong Geun Lee,2 and Dongho Choi. (PMC)