Bromelain, the Potential Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis

By Kyle J. Norton

Rhinosinusitis (RS) is a condition associated with the inflammation of the sinuses and nasal cavity.

Sinusitis is an inflammation of the paranasal sinuses that causes a headache as a result of exposure to a cold or flu virus, or an allergic reaction to pollen, mold, dust or smoke.

Sinusitis affects 37 million people each year.

Other symptoms of RS include nasal congestion or obstruction, facial or dental pain, purulent rhinorrhea, postnasal drainage, headache, and cough. 

Some patients may also experience symptoms of fever, fatigue, hyposmia, ear fullness or pressure,  voice changes, epiphora, fever, and psychological effects and fatigue.

If you have some of the above symptoms that last more than 12 weeks, you may have chronic rhinosinusitis,

If you experience some of the aforementioned symptoms without a cold or flu, you may have rhinosinusitis. Conventionally, most cases of bacterial rhinosinusitis (BRS) are treated by antibiotics.

In viral rhinosinusitis (VRS), medication focus on reducing symptoms and improving quality of life.

Out of many risk factors involved in the onset of the condition, some researchers suggested that people with an immune deficiency may be vulnerable to rhinosinusitis developing.

Dr. Sergio E. Chiarella, the lead scientist wrote, "CRS is a common disease; in those patients with frequent exacerbations or who are refractory to treatment, an immunodeficiency evaluation should be considered. Treatment includes vaccination, antibiotic therapy, immunoglobulin replacement, and surgery".

More precisely, people who are using immune suppressants or weakened and immature immune system are at an increased risk of rhinosinusitis.

Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme found in pineapples (Ananas comosus) has been used in traditional medicine as an inflammatory agent and to treat pains, strains, and muscle aches and pains and ease back pain and chronic joint pain, skin diseases, etc.

With an aim to find a natural compound for the treatment of an inflammatory condition associated with sinuses and nasal cavity, researchers examined the bromelain effects on patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

40 patients including 20 patients were given bromelain 500 mg tablet twice daily for 30 days, and 20 controls enrolled in the study.

According to the observation in the turbinate and ethmoid mucosas and in the serum of both the groups, bromelain showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in paranasal sinus pathologies.

In other words, the efficacy of bromelain anti chronic rhinosinusitis was attributed to its function in distribution evenly in the sinuses and nasal cavity.

Taken altogether, bromelain may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of bromelain in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Bromelain's penetration into the blood and sinonasal mucosa in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis by Passali D1, Passali GC2, Bellussi LM1, Sarafoleanu C3, Loglisci M1, Manea C3, Iosif C4, Passali FM. (PubMed)
(2) Alternative therapies for chronic rhinosinusitis: A review by Griffin AS1, Cabot P, Wallwork B, Panizza B. (PubMed)
(3) Immune deficiency in chronic rhinosinusitis: screening and treatment by Sergio E. Chiarella and Leslie C. Grammer. (PMC)