Broccoli Sprout Inhibits Parameters Associated with Sickle Cell Anemia

By Kyle J. Norton

Anemia is a medical condition associated with a lack of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood.

Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common anemia, caused by poor iron levels in the blood, leading to the reduced delivery of oxygen throughout your body.

A long-term deficiency of folate and vitamin B-12 plays a critical role in the production of healthy red blood cells associated with the increased risk of Amenia.

Also, people with the mutated gene inherited from the parent are at substantial risk of the disease. The Duliajan College study suggested that certain genes have been found to induce anemia.

Sickle cell anemia (SCD), a genetic preposition form of anemia is a condition associated with not enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen throughout your body.

The red blood cells in sickle cell anemia patines are rigid and sticky with the shapes of sickles or crescent moons.

The normal red blood cells live for about 120 days comapred to the sickle cells that die in 10 to 20 days. In other words, the inability of the body to replace the cell that dies rapidly with new blood cells is a cause of sickle cell anemia.

According to the statistics, provided by the CDC, approximately 100,000 Americans are living with SCD. Ethnically, 1 out of every 365 Black or African-American births, 1 out of every 16,300 Hispanic-American births and 1 in 13 Black or African-American birth are sickle cell trait (SCT) carriers.

Conventionally, except for bone marrow transplant, treatments of sickle cell anemia is to improve quality of life, by relieving symptoms and preventing complications.

Collard Green is a species of Brassica Oleracea, belongings to the family Brassicaceae with unknown origin. Today, the plant is cultivated commercially for its thick, slightly bitter edible leaves.

With an aim to find a potential ingredient for the treatment of inherited blood disorder, researchers examined the effects of broccoli sprout homogenate (BSH) containing sulforaphane and sulforaphane in the activation of NRF2 on sickle cell disease (SCD).

Nrf2 is a protein that processes the function in the regulation of the expression of antioxidant enzymes against oxidative damage triggered by injury and inflammation.

According to the tested analysis, sulforaphane (SFN) significantly increased the expression of NRF2 associated with the increase of antioxidant enzymes that inhibits oxidative stress such as HMOX1, NQO1, and HBG1 in a dose-dependent manner.

In adults with SCD,

* BSH consumption showed no adverse effects. 

* BSH consumption increase the mean relative whole blood mRNA levels NRF2 target HMOX1

* Furthermore, BSH injection increased mean relative mRNA levels of the NRF2 target HBG1, compared to the baseline at end of treatment, without affecting the levels of HbF protein.

In other words,  BSH displays a similar effect compared to that of sulforaphane in the promotion of the production of antioxidant enzymes against sickle cell disease (SCD).

Based on the findings, researchers said, "BSH, in the provided doses, is safe in stable SCD patients and may induce changes in gene expression levels".

Taken altogether, broccoli sprout processed abundantly SFN may be considered a functional food for the treatment of SCD, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of SFN in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Phase 1 Study of a Sulforaphane-Containing Broccoli Sprout Homogenate for Sickle Cell Disease by Doss JF1,2, Jonassaint JC3, Garrett ME4, Ashley-Koch AE4, Telen MJ3, Chi JT. (PubMed)