Cranberry Protects the Body Against Bacterial Infection

By Kyle J. Norton

Infection is a condition caused by  a harmful microbial invasion of the body tissues

Most cases of bacterial infection are treated with antibiotics. However, bacterias are very adaptable, overuse of antibiotics has been found to make them resistant to antibiotics.

Out of trillions of strains of bacteria in the world, only a few cause diseases in humans. Believe it or not, our gut contains trillion microorganisms, most of them are bacteria.

Most common symptoms of bacterial infection are redness and heat, swelling, fever, pain at the site of infection.

In severe cases, the patient may also experience symptoms of swollen lymph glands.

Most cases of bacterial infection are treated successfully if the types of bacteria that cause the infection are identified.

There are many risk factors associated with the onset of bacterial infection,  people with severe chronic disease may increase the prevalence of bacterial infection, particularly in those with cirrhosis.

Dr. Deschênes M, the lead scientist at the Université de Montréal wrote, "Bacterial infection is a frequent and severe complication of cirrhosis. Cirrhotic patients admitted for gastrointestinal bleeding are at high risk of such a complication and have been targeted in trials of antibiotic prophylaxis".

And, " patients with severe cirrhosis who are admitted for gastrointestinal bleeding have a higher risk of developing a bacterial infection during their hospitalization than other cirrhotic patients".

Cranberry is an evergreen dwarf shrub, genus Vaccinium, belongings to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern America and Southern Asia. Because of its health benefits, cranberry has been cultivated in some parts of the world for commercial profit and used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat wounds, urinary disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of bacterial infection, researchers examined the effect of cranberry antibacterial activity against uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli (UPEC).

According to tested analysis, the whole extract showed a powerful antibacterial activity against UPEC compared to the selected fractions that presented a different behavior.

 Myricetin and quercitrin demonstrated the highest decrease of  E. coli biofilm formation compared with the control and other fractions.

However, other chemical constituents such as dihydro ferulic acid glucuronide, procyanidin A dimer, quercetin glucoside, myricetin, and prodelphinidin B led to a significant decrease of the surface hydrophobicity compared with the control.

In other words, all fractions in the cranberry extract worked synergistically to protect the host against the infection caused by E. coli 

Based on the results, researchers said, "apart from proanthocyanidins, other compounds, mainly flavonoids, can act against E. coli biofilm formation and also modify UPEC surface hydrophobicity in vitro."

Taken altogether, cranberry may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Antibacterial activity of isolated phenolic compounds from cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) against Escherichia coli by Rodríguez-Pérez C1, Quirantes-Piné R2, Uberos J3, Jiménez-Sánchez C1, Peña A4, Segura-Carretero A. (PubMed)
(2) In Vivo Consumption of Cranberry Exerts ex Vivo Antiadhesive Activity against FimH-Dominated Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: A Combined in Vivo, ex Vivo, and In Vitro Study of an Extract from Vaccinium macrocarpon by Rafsanjany N1, Senker J1, Brandt S1, Dobrindt U2, Hensel A. (PubMed)
(3) Risk factors for the development of bacterial infections in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis by Deschênes M1, Villeneuve JP. (PubMed)