Healthy Food Onion Protect the Liver cells Against Alcoholic Cytotoxicity

By Kyle J. Norton

The liver is the largest organ in the human body that not only filters out blood coming from the digestive system but also secretes bile to aid digestion, produce vitamin D and steroid hormone and build strong cell walls.

The liver also detoxes the drug and environmental toxicity before they can cause damage to the human body.

 Alcoholic cytotoxicity is a condition that excessive alcohol that induces healthy cell DNA alteration or cell death. 

Excessive alcohol drinking epidemiologically is a major cause of alcoholic liver disease. Over time, the formation of liver scars not only promote the onset of cirrhosis also enhances the risk of liver cancer.

Some researchers suggested, there is a possible link associated with cytotoxicity of ethanol on the cells lining the tissues in direct contact with alcoholic beverages that solves the initiation of local carcinogenesis.

According to the recent study posted on the PubMed, short-term exposures (2-3 s) to ethanol concentrations between 10% and 15% have facilitated the cytotoxic effect on human epithelial keratinocytes in a concentration-dependent manner.

In other words, long-term injection of alcoholic beverages containing cytotoxic concentrations of ethanol, or diluting ethanol to cytotoxic concentrations can increase the risk of cancer, particularly to those of oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus.

Diseases associated with alcoholic cytotoxicity are preventable by changing the way of drinking and replace alcoholic beverages containing non-cytotoxic concentrations of ethanol or diluting ethanol to non-cytotoxic concentrations.

Dr. Guillén-Mancina E in the evaluation of the cytotoxic concentrations of ethanol in the risk of cancer wrote, "Alcohol consumption is a known risk factor for cancer. Almost 6% of all cancers worldwide are attributable to alcohol use. Approximately half of them occur in tissues highly exposed to ethanol, such as the oral cavity, pharynx, upper larynx and esophagus".

And "However, since ethanol is not mutagenic and the mutagenic metabolite of ethanol (acetaldehyde) is mainly produced in the liver".

The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belonging to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic. It is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures. 

Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of liver cancer, researchers examined the effects of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), one of the major colonic microflora-produced catabolites of quercetin glycosides derived from the onion.

In murine hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 cells used in the study of the regulation of chemoprotective enzymes, administration of DOPAC exerted a significant activity in the modulation of the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) catalyzed oxidation.

Furthermore, the cytotoxicity induced by the acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity in vitro also was inhibited by the expression of DOPAC.

Moreover, in the modulation of the activity of the enzyme ALDH, DOPAC also enhanced the gene expression of ALDH1A1, ALDH2, and ALDH3A1 in a concentration-dependent manner. 

In other words, the DOPAC protects the Hepa1c1c7 cells against alcohol-induced oxidative stress in the induction cytotoxicity that has been found to cause protein, lipid and cell damage.

The results strongly suggested that DOPAC isolated from onion inhibited the expression of alcoholic influence that leads to the damage of normal liver cells.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "DOPAC acts as a potential ALDH inducer to prevent the alcohol-induced abnormal reaction".

Taken altogether, onion may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of liver alcoholic cytotoxicity pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid is a potential aldehyde dehydrogenase inducer in murine hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 cells by Liu Y1,2, Kurita A1, Nakashima S1, Zhu B2, Munemasa S1, Nakamura T1, Murata Y1, Nakamura Y. (PubMed)
(2) Avoiding the ingestion of cytotoxic concentrations of ethanol may reduce the risk of cancer associated with alcohol consumption by Guillén-Mancina E1, Calderón-Montaño JM1, López-Lázaro M. (PubMed)