Phytochemical Betanin, the Potent Anti Prostate Cancer Remedy

By Kyle J. Norton

Prostate cancer is a medical condition associated with cell growth disorderly in the tissue of the prostate.

The prostate is a reproductive gland in men that have shape and size of a walnut located between the bladder and the penis found in front of the rectum.

The gland has a unique function in the making of prostate fluid, one of the components of semen.

Prostate cancer is one of the slowest growth of cancer in men. Prostate cancer may take years to develop before affecting the patients with symptoms.

Most cases of prostate cancer are found in older men. However,
The disease also affects men before the ages of 40.

Believe it or not, about 1 man in 9 will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during his lifetime. According to the statistics, about 6 cases in 10 are diagnosed in men aged 65 or older.

In the US, approximately 1,700,000 new cases are diagnosed every year. Prostate cancer also causes the death of 609,640 patients.

The 5-year survival rate for diagnosed at local or regional prostate cancer is nearly 100%. 

Although there are many risk factors involved in the onset of the condition, some researchers suggested the widespread prostate cancer over the past few decades may correlate to the promotion of a high-fat diet in the US.

Dr. Amir Bagheri, the lead scientists in the cancer team wrote, "Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer with a high mortality rate".

And, "After adjustment for potential confounders, a healthy dietary pattern was associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer (highest versus lowest tertile OR:0.24; 95% CI: 0.07-0.81; trend p: 0.025). An unhealthy dietary pattern was related to increased risk of prostate cancer(highest versus lowest tertile OR:3.4; 95% CI: 1.09-10.32; trend p: 0.037)".

The findings strongly suggested that men who follow the Western diet pattern are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer compared to those who do not.

Betanin is phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments of Betacyanins, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.

With an aim to find an effective compound for the treatment of prostate cancer, researchers compared the cytotoxic effect of the red beetroot extract with an anticancer drug, doxorubicin (Adriamycin) in the androgen-independent human prostate cancer cells (PC-3).

According to the tested assays, both doxorubicin and the beetroot extract exhibited similarly a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect in the two cancer cell lines.

The cytotoxicity of the beetroot extract was significantly lower when compared to doxorubicin, however, the extract continued to decrease the growth rate of the PC-3 cells by 3.7% in 3 days vs. 12.5% in 7 days at the concentration of 29 µg/ml, compared to those of doxorubicin, at the same concentration level.

In further analysis, researchers found that the anti-prostate cancer effects of beetroot extract were attributed to the presence of betanin, the major betacyanin constituent in the exhibition of cytotoxicity. 

Dr. Kapadia GJ, the lead scientists suggested the beetroot extract (B) when used alone or in combination with doxorubicin (D) may process chemopreventive potentials to mitigate the toxic side-effects of the latter.

In order to reveal more information of red beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) anti-cancer activity researchers examined the beetroot extract (B), approved by Food and Drug Administration and European Union as red food color E162 against cancers.

In pancreatic (PaCa), breast (MCF-7) and prostate (PC-3) tumor cells of human origin, D showed an overall positive reduction in drug concentration when combined with B in its cytotoxicity profile.

The synergistic cytotoxicity was best when the B:D ratio of 1:5 was used in PaCa cells at IC50, IC75, and IC90 dose levels.

The findings strongly supported the potential use of red beetroot extract-doxorubicin combination in treating human prostate cancer.

In other words, red beetroot extracts not only processed the potential to improve the anti-cancer effects of doxorubicin through reduced volume used in prostate cancer treatment but also inhibited the doxorubicin's adverse effects.

Taken altogether, betanin used alone or combined with other medicines may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of betanin in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Cytotoxic effect of the red beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) extract compared to doxorubicin (Adriamycin) in the human prostate (PC-3) and breast (MCF-7) cancercell lines by Kapadia GJ1, Azuine MA, Rao GS, Arai T, Iida A, Tokuda H. (PubMed)

(2) Synergistic cytotoxicity of red beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) extract with doxorubicin in human pancreatic, breast and prostate cancer cell lines by Kapadia GJ1, Rao GS, Ramachandran C, Iida A, Suzuki N, Tokuda H. (PubMed)

(3) Dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer: a factor analysis study in a sample of Iranian men by Amir Bagheri, 1 , 2 Seyed Mostafa Nachvak, 1 ,* Mansour Rezaei, 3 Mozhgan Moravridzade, 1 , 2Mahmoudreza Moradi, 4 and Michael Nelson. (PMC)