Herbal Bilberry Anthocyanin, the Easy Way to Protect the corneal epithelium Against UV-induced Photokeratitis

By Kyle J. Norton


Photokeratitis is an uncommon condition induced eye pain caused by exposure to the ultraviolet (UV) rays from either the sun or artificial sources.

Under normal condition, the automatic pupil dilation protects the eyes by reducing the energy entering the eye. In some cases, if the levels of visible light are very high, the instinct reflex of the bain take over to have the eye either close or turn away from the energy sources.

Snow blindness caused by the reflection of UV rays is very common in people who live in the areas of the North and South Pole and high mountains.

Most common symptoms of photokeratitis, depending on the time-length exposure include pain, redness, blurriness, swelling,  headache, and temporary vision loss.

Some patients may experience also temporary color changes in your vision.or vision loss.

You can easily protect your eyes against photokeratitis by wearing sunglass in the bright day,  reduced time exposure to artificial UV.

Normally, the condition goes away on its own within a few days. Treatment is totally depending on the severity of the symptoms, ranging from flushing with warm water, prescribed eye drops or antibiotics in case of infection.

Researchers in the urgency to find the ingredient for the treatment of acute UVB exposure induced photokeratitis and apoptosis in corneal cells compared the effects of either nano-AST, AST oil, lutein, or bilberry extract 3 hours before and shortly before UV irradiation (dose: 400 mJ/cm2) in mice.

24 hours after irradiation, according to the sample collected, corneal epithelium was significantly thicker in mice orally administered with nano-AST than in the others (p < 0.01), with significantly less NF-κB nucleus translocation involved in the induction of proinflammation, and significantly fewer TUNEL cells associated with apoptotic DNA fragmentation.

Weaker dihydroethidium (DHE) associated with free radical oxidation was detected in the nano-AST group (p < 0.05) relative to the others.

In other words, nano-AST protects the corneal tissues and cells by reducing inflammation and decreasing cell death.

Dr. Harada F, the lead researcher said, "Oral administration of nano-AST demonstrated a protective effect on UV-induced photokeratitis via antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activity".,

Additionally, in order to obtain more information of researchers examined administered with AST diluted in polyethylene glycol (PEG) in instillation form (15 μl) to the right eye in C57BL/6 mice against UV-photokeratitis.

Before injecting with AST, UVB exposure mice induced cell death and thinning of the corneal epithelium. However, the epithelium was restored after irradiation in AST-treated corneas.

Compared to those treated with vehicle, irradiated corneal epithelium was significantly thicker in eyes treated with AST eye drops and less cell apoptosis.

Furthermore, AST also reduced oxidative stress in irradiated corneas.

In other words, AST-treated cultures after UVB-irradiation protects the corneal tissue and cells against the cytotoxicity of TKE2 cells.

Based on the finding, Dr. Lennikov A and colleagues wrote, "Topical AST administration may be a candidate treatment to limit the damages by UV irradiation with wide clinical applications".

Taken altogether, anthocyanin, a carotenoid, presented in seafood, may be considered a functioning remedy for the treatment of photokeratitis, pending to the validation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Protective Effects of Oral Astaxanthin Nanopowder against Ultraviolet-Induced Photokeratitis in Mice by Harada F1,2, Morikawa T1, Lennikov A3,4, Mukwaya A3, Schaupper M3, Uehara O5, Takai R6, Yoshida K1, Sato J1, Horie Y7, Sakaguchi H8, Wu CZ2,9,10, Abiko Y1, Lagali N3, Kitaichi N. (PubMed)
(2) Amelioration of ultraviolet-induced photokeratitis in mice treated with astaxanthin eye drops by Lennikov A1, Kitaichi N, Fukase R, Murata M, Noda K, Ando R, Ohguchi T, Kawakita T, Ohno S, Ishida S. (PubMed)