Ginger In the Prevention and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Hepatic Steatosis (Fatty Liver)

By Kyle J, Norton

Ginger may have a profound effect in reducing the risk and treatment of hepatic steatosis, the early stage of liver disease, some scientists suggested.

Hepatic steatosis or fatty liver is a condition caused excess fat accumulated in the liver.

At the early stage of hepatic steatosis, the patient may not experience any symptoms. However, at the condition progress, the condition induces liver inflammation, which may progress to scarring and irreversible damage. Patients at this stage can have symptoms of abdominal swelling, enlarged blood vessels in the skin and spleen accompanied by jaundice.

The most common risk factors are the increase in age, (older than 45 years of age).  overweight and obesity and ethnicity.

However, some researchers suggested the coincidence of widespread obesity and the onset of hepatic steatosis might indicate a closed correlation of the e 2 conditions.

Dr. Festi D, the lead author in the finding the relation between obesity and hepatic steatosis that causes a wide spectrum of liver damage as simple steatosis may progress to advanced fibrosis and to cryptogenic cirrhosis through steatohepatitis launched an investigation to examine the risk of hepatic steatosis in obese patients.
After taking account co and confounders wrote, "Obesity is the most significant single risk factor for the development of fatty liver, both in children and in adults; obesity is also predictive of the presence of fibrosis, potentially progressing to advanced liver disease".

The risk of fatty liver may be associated with insulin resistance in the obese patients that play a central role in the accumulation of triglycerides within the hepatocytes and in the initiation of the inflammatory cascade.

Although conventional treatment with insulin-sensitizing agents, anti-oxidants or cytoprotective drugs may be useful, however, they are no randomized clinical trials to support the efficacy.

As of today, there is no direct treatment of hepatic steatosis but relieve the symptoms.

Some researchers suggested, modifications in lifestyle (e.g. diet and exercise) to reduce obesity remain the mainstay of prevention and treatment of a disease,

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

It has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

In the finding a natural whole food which may have a potent to prevent and treat nonalcoholic fatty liver, researchers at the Tajen University, Yanpu Township investigate the effects of [6]-gingerol ((S)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone) in experimental models of the non-alcoholic fatty liver.

[6]-Gingerol (100 µmol/l) inhibited OA-induced triglyceride and inflammatory marker accumulation in HepG2 cells.

In the study of male golden hamsters were dosed orally with [6]-gingerol (25, 50 or 100 mg/kg/day) once daily for 8 weeks after being fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 2 weeks, injection of [6]-Gingerol (100 mg/kg/day) alleviated liver steatosis, inflammation, and reversed plasma markers of metabolic syndrome in HFD-fed hamsters.

[6]-gingerol also attenuated the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) increased in the HFD group.

These results indicated a significant effect of [6]-Gingerol in the attenuation of the HFD-induced steatohepatitis by downregulating NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses and reducing hepatic lipogenic gene expression.

Additionally, in the concern of widespread Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may reach epidemic proportions, Dr. Sahebkar A. launched a study to evaluate the ginger effect at the "two-stage hypothesis" proposed for the pathophysiology of NAFLD, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines among the key promoters of the disease.

Application of ginger prevent NAFLD or blunt its progression via several mechanisms, such as sensitizing insulin effects, and down-regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Ginger promoted considerable antioxidant effects and antidyslipidemic properties and reduced hepatic triglyceride content which can prevent steatosis. 

All these mechanisms suggested that ginger possesses interesting potentials for serving as a natural supplement for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. 

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) [6]-gingerol dampens hepatic steatosis and inflammation in experimental nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by Tzeng TF1, Liou SS1, Chang CJ1, Liu IM. (PubMed)
(2) Potential efficacy of ginger as a natural supplement for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by Sahebkar A. (PubMed)
(3) Hepatic steatosis in obese patients: clinical aspects and prognostic significance by Festi D1, Colecchia A, Sacco T, Bondi M, Roda E, Marchesini G.(PubMed)