Digestive Disorders: How To Optimize Gastrointestinal Performance By Augmented Functions of Digestive Antioxidant and Enzymes, Medline Studies Suggest

By Kyle J. Norton, Scholar, Master of Nutrition

 Herbal plants have formed a fundamental source for conventional medicine in discovery of single ingredient medication, including aspirin (from willow bark), quinine (from cinchona bark), and morphine (from the opium poppy)......

Andrographis paniculata may have potential and profound effects in improved the gastric tone and prevented gastric dysfunction through the protection of its antioxidants and activation of digestive enzymes, some scientists suggested.

Andrographis paniculata is also known as andrographis is a herbaceous plant, genus Andrographis, belongings to the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka.

The forgotten herb has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic for treating common cold, flu, upper respiratory infections, infectious diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, pneumonia, ....

Gastroprotective effect is am action involved enhancing the function of digestive system against the harmful organisms in induced chronic digestive disorder.

People with digestive problem may experience certain stomach discomfort, including bloating. constipation. diarrhea. heartburn, nausea and vomiting,.......and belly pain.

Untreated digestive problems over a long term can induce serious ailments of chronic illnesses, as the digestive system no longer performs it's function in provided nutrients and fluids to the needs of body's cells and tissue..

The results of malnutriments over a long period of time can lead to weakened immune defense and reduced levels of antioxidants produced by tissue of the body in fighting against pathogens, 

Most common chronic illness associated to malnutriments are gastroenteritis, arthritis, asthma, cancer, COPD, diabetes and some viral diseases such as hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS infections,

The David M and Lynda K Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, suggested "experiments in animal models have revealed the extent to which the gut microbiota sustains health and how its disruption might contribute to disease pathogenes".

As digestive problem has altered the balance of the gut microbiome in the gastrointestinal tract.

Dr. Matthew J. Bull, the lead scientist in the discuss of The Human Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease suggested, "Imbalance of the normal gut microbiota have been linked with gastrointestinal conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and wider systemic manifestations of disease, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atopy".

Although, genetic mutation of certain genes, such as MyD88 gene, Dectin-1 gene, NLRP12 Gene and NOD2 gene (Readers who want to know more of gene implication on digestive disorders may search in PubMed with key word, "gene mutation and digestive disorder") are association with non-specific digestive disorder, the cause of digestive problem in some cases are not restricted to digestive tract but  symptoms of wider systemic problems.

Some researchers suggested the physical causes of digestive disorder including food allergies and food intolerance, unhealthy diet, viral or bacterial infection, certain digestive diseases,...... and Inflammation and auto-immune diseases.

Further more, ageing also has a strong impact on digestive problem, as we age, the production of saliva decreases that can affect the taste, worsen acid reflux and increase risk of digestive diseases.
 

In the study of gastric ulcer induced by ethanol, aspirin, pylorus ligation and cold restraint stress models in rats, researchers at the  the Bharathi Women's College.found that  rats treated or pretreated with hydroalcoholic extract HAEAP (100,200,500mg/kg b. wt for 30 days) of andrographis paniculata demonstrate a significant ulcer reduction, in dose dependent manner.

The ulcer preventing effect of HAEAP may be a result of its bioactive compound in regulating the gastric hydrogen potassium ATPase, also known as H+/K+ ATPase, an enzyme with functions to acidify the stomach activity and stimulating mucosal defensive system at the mucosal surface of the gastrointestinal tract..

Additional analysis of the results, researchers found that the flavonoids present in the HAEAP might be responsible for the gastroprotective action probably by maintaining the antioxidants and thiol status in the gastrointestinal tract.

In support of the above differentiation, the review of a period of 1 year from 2014-2015, using semi-structured questionnaires from different traditional Bengali people having knowledge on medicinal plants, out of 49 plants under 46 genera belonging to 33 families, researcher indicated that andrographis paniculata is one of the most prominent plants used among the people of Southern Assam for treating digestive system disorders (DSD).

Moreover,  seed ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees has drawn a lots of scientist attention due to the limit success of chemical anthelmintics, a group of antiparasitic drugs (levamisole, flubendazole, and thiabendazole) in reduced gastrointestinal diseases.

In animal controls, injection of ED(50), an methanol extract of A. paniculata at dose of 2.90 mg/ml, and in larval development assay at ED(50) of dose 4.26 mg/ml, showed significant effects against sheep parasites, Haemonchus contortus.

Taking altogether, there is no doubt that andrographis paniculata consists a strong gastroprotective effect against the activities of harmful organisms, including parasites and may be used as functional food in improving digestive functions.

However, additional data collection on clinical studies performed with human consumption on large sample size and multi centers during the course of diseases will be necessary to complete the picture of andrographis paniculata effects in complete the treatment possibilities.

Intake of andrographis paniculata extract in any forms should be taken with extreme care in prevention of acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) A biochemical study on the gastroprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract ofAndrographis paniculata in rats by Panneerselvam S, Arumugam G(PubMed).
(2) Plant utilization against digestive system disorder in Southern Assam, India by Choudhury PR1, Choudhury MD1, Ningthoujam SS2, Mitra A1, Nath D3, Talukdar AD4.(PubMed)
(3) Anthelmintic activity of botanical extracts against sheep gastrointestinalnematodes, Haemonchus contortus by Kamaraj C1, Rahuman AA, Elango G, Bagavan A, Zahir AA.(PubMed)
(4) Gut microbiome as a clinical tool in gastrointestinal disease management: are we there yet by Quigley EMM(PubMed)
(5) Part 1: The Human Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease by Matthew J. Bull, BSc, PhD and Nigel T. Plummer, PhD(PubMed)