Eat Fennel to Inhibit Daily Stress in the Workplaces, Scientists Suggested

Kyle J. Norton

Fennel may have a potential and positive effect in reduced stress implication, some scientists suggested.

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant species of genus, belongings to Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the Mediterranean, used in traditional and herbal medicine as warming, carminative, antispasmodic, antidepressant agent and to stimulate the appetite, ease indigestion, soothe coughing, reduce intestinal spasms, to regulate the menstrual cycle and relieve PMS,...

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Fiber
3. Protein
4. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
5. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
6. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
7. Pantothenic acid (B5)
8. Vitamin B6
9. Folate (Vitamin B9)
10. Vitamin C
11. Calcium
12. Copper
13. Iron
14. Magnesium
15. Molybdenum
16. Phosphorus
17. Potassium
18. Zinc
19. Etc.

Society and environment impact to stress conditions, in a prolong period of time may induce change of behavior, leading to disturbances in the normal physiological functioning due to increased free radicals generation in initiated onset of hypertension, neurosis, immune suppression and other physical and mental disorders.

In the study to evaluate the anti-stress and memory-enhancing properties of F. vulgare extract in experimentally stress rats at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight administered orally with an orogastric tube researchers found that rats treated with all doses exert significant effect in reduced stress implication linearly, observed by Urinary levels of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) assay in 24 hours.

Further analysis of rat group treated fennel with additional injection of ascorbic acid also found that the secretion of urinary ascorbic acid levels increased from 65.74 to 78.59, 108.41 and 125.82 μg/kg also within the same period on doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight respectively in compared to untreated control group.

These result indicated that fennel has a stronger impact in reduced chronic stress connotation in compared to both ascorbic acid and control groups.

Moreover, group treatment group also displayed a reduced expression of lipid peroxidation in both rat liver and brain homogenates catalyzed by the stress in induction of ROS production and reduced natural antioxidant defense in compared to rat group treated with ascorbic acid.

Dr. S Koppula,, the lead authors, aftertaking into account of other confounders said, "The (Fennel) extract also exhibited potent antioxidant effect by inhibition of lipid peroxidation in both rat liver and brain homogenates to a greater extent than the standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid". 

Additionally, in the review literature of number of such drugs mostly in the form of their extracts (holistic approach) or in some, as active principles isolated from them, have been evaluated for their antistress activity by a number of tests which include open field behaviour, researchers found that 

 * Fennel may have a strong effect in reduced stress in tested mice through observation of swimming endurance and hexobarbitone sleeping time in association to stress in induction of anxiety.

* Fennel inhibited the production of level stress hormone corticosterone produced in the cortex of the adrenal gland.

* Fennel increased production antioxidant and enhanced the antioxidant defense of host such as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), in inhibited over expression of ROS in initiated chain reaction caused by chronic stress.

* Fennel inhibited levels of MAO in association to alternation of mood and mental conditions.

Finally, application of fennel also reduced tension of central nervous system in response to stress impact, thus reducing neurotransmitter levels in stimulated production of stress hormones in facilitated ROS production, depression, anxiety,.......

The above illustration were supported by the application of fennel oil in exerted significant anti psychiatric disorders caused by chronic stress such as depressive and anxiety in tested mice respectively treated with water, fluoxetine (0.3 mg/kg) and fennel oil (0.5 ml/day) conducted by the Aga Khan University

According to the study, repeated administration of fennel oil for 3 weeks exerted significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects, observed by struggling time in forced swim test (FST) and time spent in open arm in elevated plus maze (EPM) in comparable to fluoxetine treatment group.

Interestingly, rats treated group also exhibited a high levels of antioxidant in inhibited ROS in  facilitated production of free radicals through lipid peroxidation.

Taken together, fennel with abundant phytochemicals may be considered as a functional food in reduced stress implication in initiation of related diseases.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) (2) Foeniculum vulgare Mill (Umbelliferae) Attenuates Stress and Improves Memory in Wister Rats by S Koppula, H Kumar(Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research)
(5) Foeniculum vulgare Mill: A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Contemporary Application, and Toxicology by Shamkant B. Badgujar,* Vainav V. Patel, and Atmaram H. Bandivdekar(PubMed)