Herbal Therapy: Herbal Anise in Modulation and Stimulation of Immune Response

Kyle J. Norton 

Anise may have a potential and substantial effect in immunostimulating effects, some scientists suggested.

Anise is a flowering plant ofthe species of Pimpinella anisum, genus Pimpinella, belongings to the family Apiaceae native to to Egypt and the Mediterranean region,  used in traditional herbal medicine as fragrance in soaps, oils, and mouth fresheners and stomachic, anti-septic, anti-spasmodic, ....

Chemical comstituents
Anethole, D-pinene, I-phellandrene, Alpha-terpineol, Safrol, Methyl chavicol, Resin, Shikimic acid, etc.

Immunostimulation is a medical term of stimulation of immune response positively.

According to the study of the University of Toyama, in the investigation of the 3 substances (LC1, LC2 and LC3) isolated from a hot water extract of seeds of Pimpinella anisum, application of all 3 lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCs) exerted a significant activities in hibited the expression of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and measles virus through stimulating the immune response in protection against virus adsorption to the host cell surface and directly inactivating viruses expression.

Further analysis of these effects, researchers found that the chemical compound enhanced expression of nitric oxide (NO) through iNOS mRNA inreduced inreduced nitric oxide synthases and protein expression in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells of immune system found promoted by the NF-κB which is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival against similar function of the virus in over taken control of the host cells.

Administration of Anise isolated compound also stimulated the immune response production of mRNA expression of cytokines including IL-1β which is considered as a mediator of the inflammatory response in resistance to pathogens and IL-10, a anti inflammatory cytokine in protection of the host cell during the acute phase of infection caused by viral invasion.

After considering other con founders, Dr. Lee JB, the lead authors said, " These results suggest that the lignin-carbohydrate-protein complexes from P. anisum possessed potency as functional food ingredients against infectious diseases".

Additionally, in the study of 80 of one-day old Cobb chicks allocated into four equal groups with control group supplemented with the basal diet, Anise I fed on basal diet containing (0.25 g anise seed powder/kg diet), Anise II fed on basal diet containing (0.50 g anise seed powder/kg diet) and Anise III fed on basal diet containing (0.75 g anise seed powder /kg diet) to examine the Anise growth performance, immunostimulant and antioxidant status by determination of the serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM and IgG), interferon gamma (INF-γ) and interleukins (IL2 and IL-10). 

reseachers found that groups fed with Anise expressed a significant increase of antioxidant activity through its major chemical compound anethole levels and induced production of immunoglobulins in inhibited pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses.

Further more, injection of anise group also demonstrated an increased levels of interferon gamma ( INF-γ), a dimerized soluble cytokine in inducing and modulating an array of immune responses in antiviral activity.

Moreover, Anise application also improved the production of IL-10, a anti inflammatory mytokine,
interleukin 2 (IL-2), a protein in regulated the activities of white blood cells that are responsible for immunity and enhanced production of levels of glutathione (GSH), a natural master antioxidant for the body's natural defense system.

Interestingly, in stimulating the immune response against viral invasion, Anise group also displayed a significant reduced levels of muscle Malondialdehyde (MDA), a organic compound used a marker to determine levels of oxidative stress.

In support to the above differentiation, researchers at the Alexandria University conducted a study of Anise immunostimulative effect on 217  Arbor Acre one day old broiler chicks randomly allotted into 7 groups (31 per each) of mixed sex. Anise seed was supplemented to the basal diet at 0.0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25 and 1.5 g/kg diet (groups 2-7), respectively and the trail was lasted for 6 weeks and suggested that only Anise supplementation at 0.5 g/kg (group 3) of broiler diet displays a strong enhancement of immune expression through improve blood picture (RBCs counts, WBCs count, HB and PCV%) in dose dependent manner and in compared of other concentration of anise supplementation levels and significantly increased activity of lymphocytes with function in eliminated antigen, through many different mechanisms including releasing antibodies (in the case of B cells), cytotoxic granules (cytotoxic T cells) or by signaling to other cells of the immune system (helper T cells) in compared to the control.

Taken together, Anise may be used as functional herb in protected out body against microorganisms invasion through stimulating and modulating immune response.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA FOR WOMEN

Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

FOOD HACK for Weight Loss
A Simple Cooking Technique That Cuts The Calories & Glycemic 
Impact In Rice, Pasta, And Potatoes In Half  

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Antiviral and immunostimulating effects of lignin-carbohydrate-protein complexes from Pimpinella anisum by Lee JB1, Yamagishi C, Hayashi K, Hayashi T.(PubMed)
(2) Anise (Pimpinella anisum) Enhances the Growth Performance, Immunity and Antioxidant Activities in Broilers by Doaa M. Barakat, Ali H. El-Far1, Kadry M. Sadek, Usama E. Mahrous2 , Hany F. Ellakany, Mervat A. Abdel-Latif, Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 37(2), March – April 2016; Article No. 24, Pages: 134-140
(3) Effect of Dietary Anise Seeds Supplementation on Growth Performance, Immune Response, Carcass Traits and Some Blood Parameters of Broiler Chickens M.A. Soltan, R.S. Shewita and M.I. El-Katcha, International Journal of Poultry Science 7 (11): 1078-1088, 2008 ISSN 1682-8356