Food Therapy: Maternal Coffee Caffeine Intake Increased Risk of Low birth Weight?

By Kyle J. Norton



Maternal coffee caffeine intake during pregnancy is found to associated to increased risk of low birth weight (birth weight <2,500 g), a 2014 study suggested.

Coffee, a popular and social beverage all over the world, particular in the West, is a drink made from roast bean from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.

In the reviewed literature of 13 prospective studies, coffee caffeine intake at very low levels during pregnancy showed a relative risk of lower weight of 1.13 in compared to healthy weight.

The relative risk of infants born with lower birth weight in moderate intake (150 to 349 mg/day) and high intake (≥350 mg/day) of mothers during pregnancy were 1.38 and 1.60, respectively.

Risk of low birth weight increased substantially to additional 13% for each 100-mg/day increment, intake, according to the dose-response analysis.

Dr. Chen LW,, the lead researchers said, "Higher maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of delivering low birth weight infants. These findings support recommendations to restrict caffeine intake during pregnancy to low levels".

Also, in review of the data base to examine the association between caffeine consumption during pregnancy and risk of LBW, published on PubMed and EMBASE up to March 2014, by using the random-effects model of  twelve studies researchers found that risk of low birth weight in compared to the highest versus lowest level of caffeine intake expressed a pooled odd ratio of 1.38.

In Linear dose-response analysis, additional 100 mg of caffeine intake (1 cup of coffee or 2 cups of tea) per day during pregnancy was associated with a 3.0% increase odd ratio risk to LBW.

With all information collected, The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, in the study with same subjects, insisted that high caffeine intake during pregnancy is associated with a significant increase in the risk of LBW, and this risk appears to increase linearly as caffeine intake increases.

Finally, according to the University of British Columbia, some of the studies with a low quality, small sample and wide confidence interval may afflict the outcome of the studies, there is a need to conduct high-quality, double-blinded RCTs to determine whether caffeine has any effect on pregnancy outcome.

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Author biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy is associated with risk of low birth weight: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis by Chen LW, Wu Y, Neelakantan N, Chong MF, Pan A, van Dam RM.(PubMed)
(2) Maternal Caffeine Consumption during Pregnancy and Risk of Low Birth Weight: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies by Rhee J1, Kim R2, Kim Y2, Tam M3, Lai Y4, Keum N5, Oldenburg CE6.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of restricted caffeine intake by mother on fetal, neonatal and pregnancy outcomes by Jahanfar S1, Jaafar SH.(PubMed)