Most Common Disease of 50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Fibromyalgia -The Phytochemicals: Polyphenols(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are  medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(1).

      Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                                      Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia, according to the American College of Rheumatology 1990 Criteria for the Classification of Fibromyalgia in the newly proposed criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia are 1) widespread pain in combination with 2) tenderness at 11 or more of the 18 specific tender point sites(a) as a result in responding to pressure.

                  The  Phytochemicals

Different mediators of central inflammation in dysfunctional and inflammatory pain have been found to associate with patient with Fibromyalgia(127). Certain phytochemicals have found effectively for treatment of inflammatory symptoms of patient with FM, including the following

1. Polyphenols(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)(Green tea)
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), including catechins, is phytochemicals of Flavan-3-ols, in the group of Flavonoids (polyphenols) found abundantly catechin in green tea.The majoe phytochemical has showed to process anti viral and bacterial effects through immune expression such as chronic or acute inflammation(128). Dr. Xiao J and the research team at the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology suggested, pure extract of (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) inhibited inflammatory effects through its antioxidant activities against oxidative stress and down regulated pro-inflammatory markers(129).
According to the Universitat de Girona (UdG), Polyphenols(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) also showed to reduce pain in attenuate the alterations by diminishing apoptotic gene overexpression in skeletal muscles(130).
In the consideration of the safety amount for healthy individuals to take green tea, Dr. Chow HH and colleagues said, "green tea polyphenol products in amounts equivalent to the EGCG content in 8-16 cups of green tea once a day or in divided doses twice a day for 4 weeks. There is a >60% increase in the systemic availability of free EGCG after chronic green tea polyphenol administration at a high daily bolus dose (800 mg EGCG or Polyphenon E once daily)(131).

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References

(127) Evidence of different mediators of central inflammation in dysfunctional and inflammatory pain--interleukin-8 infibromyalgia and interleukin-1 β in rheumatoid arthritis by Kosek E1, Altawil R2, Kadetoff D3, Finn A4, Westman M2, Le Maître E2, Andersson M5, Jensen-Urstad M6, Lampa J2.(PubMed)
(128) Compounds derived from epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as a novel approach to the prevention of viral infections by Hsu S.(PubMed)
(129) Epigallocatechin gallate attenuates fibrosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease rat model through TGF/SMAD, PI3 K/Akt/FoxO1, and NF-kappa B pathways by Xiao J1, Ho CT, Liong EC, Nanji AA, Leung TM, Lau TY, Fung ML, Tipoe GL.(PubMed)
(130) (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) attenuates functional deficits and morphological alterations by diminishing apoptotic gene overexpression in skeletal muscles after sciatic nerve crush injury by Renno WM1, Al-Maghrebi M, Al-Banaw A(PubMed)).

(131) Pharmacokinetics and safety of green tea polyphenols after multiple-dose administration of epigallocatechin gallate and polyphenon E in healthy individuals by Chow HH1, Cai Y, Hakim IA, Crowell JA, Shahi F, Brooks CA, Dorr RT, Hara Y, Alberts DS.(PubMed)