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Monday, 22 June 2015

The Holistic prevention, management and treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: TCM Herbal Medicine for Kidney Yin deficiency - Reishi mushroom

By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

            Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome


Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases among reproductive-age women caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries associated with a high risk for metabolic disorder(1) as resulting of enlarged ovaries(2), leading to hormone imbalance(excessive androgen and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) )(1)(3)(4)(5), induced Hirsutism(6)(7), reproductive disorder(10(12)), risks of type 2 diabetes(9)(10)(11), metabolic syndrome(10)(12) and early cardiovasular disease(8)(13), acne(10)(14), endometrial cancer(18)(19),weight gain and obesity(15)(16)(17). The syndrome effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women. Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasing altered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).

In Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective


While conventional medicine focus of using synthetic medication to induce ovulation and assisted artificial insemination for infertility couple, if the medicine fail, traditional Chinese medicine views polycystic ovarian syndrome in different approaches. Polycystic ovary syndrome, according to traditional Chinese medicine is a medical condition characterized by accumulative of fluid over a prolonged period of time causes of dampness and phlegms(1247a)(1247b) build up on the ovaries due to the effects of vary differentiations, affecting not only the women’s menstrual cycle, but also ovulation and fertility(1247a)(1247b).

PCOs Treatment according traditional Chinese medicine


Depending to differentiation, most common diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome can be classified into

             Kidney yin deficiency

Along with common symptoms mentioned above, women with PCOs diagnosed with kidney yin deficiency may also experience yin vacuity induced cold expressive syndrome, including soreness of waist and knees(1848), lassitude(1848) and fatigue(1848), short breath(1848), poor appetite(1848), aversion to cold(184), cold extremities(1848), ringing in the ears(1850), migraine(1849), hearing problems(1850), a dry mouth and throat(1851), pale fingernails(1851), tidal fever(1851)and night sweating(1851), soles(1851) and chest(1851), constipation(1852),,......... as the kidneys no longer perform their functions of regulating fluid in moistening and nourishing organs and tissues of the body. According to TCM, too much cold/raw foods can aggravate the condition.

In the review of the Data base provided by PubMed, kidney yin deficiency may induce functional impairment or metabolic derangements in vital organs/tissues(1853) persuaded a conglomeration of sundry chronic disease state(1853), cognitive dysfunction(1854), vasomotor symptoms(1855),..... leading to accumulation of fluid in the body organ, promoted accentuation of inflammatory development of phlegm.
Kidney yin deficiency has shown to alter amino acid metabolism(1856), energy metabolism(1856) and gut microflora(1856), anovulatory infertility(1857) and
hypertension(1858), hyperinsulinemia(1859) and hyperandrogenia(1859)..... of which related to symptoms of PCOs(1859).

5. Reishi mushroom
Reishi mushroom or Lingzhi is a fungal species in the genus Ganoderma, belongings to the family Ganodermataceae, native to Asia. The herb has been use in traditional medicine as anti-cancers(2004)uro protective(2005)(2006) and anti inflammatory(2007)(2008), antioxidant(2010)(2013)(2011), neuro protective(2009)(2012) agent and to enhance immune function(2014)(2015), treat liver injury(2016)(2018) and diseases(2017)(2018), protect against neuron degeneration(2019)(2020),..... by enhancing the functions of Lung, Kidney, Liver, Heart, Spleen, Stomach. channels(2021).

Chemical constituents(2021)
1. Ganodermic acid G 
2. Lucidone A  
3. Fungal lysozyme  
4. Pachymic acid C  
5. Stellasterol  
6. Polyporenic acid  
7. Pterocarpin  
8. Trifolirhizin  
9. Kuraridin  
10. Kuraridinol  
11. Oxalic acid
12. Etc.


Epidemiological studies suggested that reishi mushroom may be used for prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome(2022)(2023) and its complications of diabetes(2022)(2024) and cardiovascular disease(2022)(2023)(2024) due its effects on fasting glucose(2028)(2029), insulin sensitve(2029)(2030), lipid abnormality(2031), hypertensive(2032)(2033), anti hyperglycaemic(2010)(2024)(2025), anti hyperlipidemic(2026)(2027), weight control(2034)(2035), obesity(2036).

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

References
(1) Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome by Sam S.(PubMed)
(2) A "kiss" before conception: triggering ovulation with kisspeptin-54 may improve IVF by Young SL.(PubMed)
(3.) Androgen hyperfunction and excessive heterosexual hair growth in women, with special attention to the polycystic ovarian syndrome by Lunde O1.(PubMed)
(4) Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Du DF1, Li XL, Fang F, Du MR.(PubMed)
(5) [Serum levels of anti-muller hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women of reproductive age].[Article in Bulgarian] by Parahuleva N, Pehlivanov B, Orbecova M, Deneva T, Uchikova E.(PubMed)
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(7) The clinical evaluation of hirsutism by Somani N1, Harrison S, Bergfeld WF.(PubMed)
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(9) Association of mean platelet volume with androgens and insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by Dogan BA1, Arduc A2, Tuna MM1, Karakılıc E1, Dagdelen I1, Tutuncu Y1, Berker D1, Guler S1.(PubMed)
(10) Approach to the patient: contraception in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Yildiz BO1.(PubMed)
(11) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a significant contributor to the overall burden of type 2 diabetes in women by Talbott EO1, Zborowski JV, Rager JR, Kip KE, Xu X, Orchard TJ.(PubMed)
(12) Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Slovak women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities by Figurová J1, Dravecká I, Javorský M, Petríková J, Lazúrová I.(PubMed)
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(17) Metabolic Evidence of Diminished Lipid Oxidation in Women WithPolycystic Ovary Syndrome. by Whigham LD1, Butz DE2, Dashti H3, Tonelli M3, Johnson LK1, Cook ME2, Porter WP4, Eghbalnia HR5, Markley JL6, Lindheim SR7, Schoeller DA8, Abbott DH9, Assadi-Porter FM10.(PubMed)
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(19) Risk of cancer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Danish cohort study by Gottschau M1, Kjaer SK2, Jensen A1, Munk C1, Mellemkjaer L3.(PubMed)
(20) Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic consequences and long-term management by Carmina E1.(PubMed)
(21) Arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic nondiabetic postmenopausal women with a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype by Armeni E1, Stamatelopoulos K, Rizos D, Georgiopoulos G, Kazani M, Kazani A, Kolyviras A, Stellos K, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, Papamichael C, Lambrinoudaki I.(PubMed)
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(1247a) A Comprehensive Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) by Liqin Zhao(1848) ontrolled trail on moxibustion for maintenance hemodialysis patients in deficiency syndrome]. [Article in Chinese] Li N1, Qiu MY, Hao JR, Zhang QM, Wang SH, Liang F, Yin Y, Luan J, Ge GZ, Qin T, Li BQ.(PubMed)
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(2004) Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment by Jin X1, Ruiz Beguerie J, Sze DM, Chan GC.(PubMed)
(2005) Ganoderma lucidum inhibits proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells by suppressing VEGF expression and up-regulating the expression of connexin 43 by Dai S1, Liu J, Sun X, Wang N.(PubMed)
(2006) Suppression of proliferation and oxidative stress by extracts of Ganoderma lucidum in the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3 by Hsieh TC1, Wu JM.(PubMed)
(2007) Anti-tumor effects of Ganoderma lucidum (reishi) in inflammatory breast cancer in in vivo and in vitro models by Suarez-Arroyo IJ1, Rosario-Acevedo R, Aguilar-Perez A, Clemente PL, Cubano LA, Serrano J, Schneider RJ, Martínez-Montemayor MM.(PubMed)
(2008) Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) inhibits cancer cell growth and expression of key molecules in inflammatory breast cancer by Martínez-Montemayor MM1, Acevedo RR, Otero-Franqui E, Cubano LA, Dharmawardhane SF.(PubMed)
(2009) Neurometabolic Effect of Altaian Fungus Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi Mushroom) in Rats Under Moderate Alcohol Consumption by Shevelev OB1, Akulov AE1, Dotsenko AS2, Kontsevaya GV1, Zolotykh MA2, Gerlinskaya LA1, Veprev SG1, Goryachkovskaya TN1, Zhukova NA3, Kolchanov NA1,3, Pel'tek SE1, Moshkin MP1,2,4(PubMed)
(2010) Antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of a novel proteoglycan from ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies on db/db mice and the possible mechanism by Pan D1, Zhang D, Wu J, Chen C, Xu Z, Yang H, Zhou P.(PubMed)
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(2013) Determination of the antioxidant activity and polyphenol contents of wild Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (W.Curt. Fr.) P. Karst. (higher Basidiomycetes) from central Himalayan hills of India by Mohsin M1, Negi P, Ahmed Z.(PubMed)
(2014) Immuno-modulatory activity of Ganoderma lucidum-derived polysacharide on human monocytoid dendritic cells pulsed with Der p 1 allergen by Jan RH1, Lin TY, Hsu YC, Lee SS, Lo SY, Chang M, Chen LK, Lin YL.(PubMed)
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(2017) Hepatoprotective effects of mushrooms by Soares AA1, de Sá-Nakanishi AB, Bracht A, da Costa SM, Koehnlein EA, de Souza CG, Peralta RM.(PubMed)
(2018) Hepatoprotective effects of aqueous extract from Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (higher basidiomycetes) on α-amanitin-induced liver injury in mice by Wu X1, Zeng J, Hu J, Liao Q, Zhou R, Zhang P, Chen Z.(PübMed)
(2019) Antagonizing beta-amyloid peptide neurotoxicity of the anti-aging fungus Ganoderma lucidum by Lai CS1, Yu MS, Yuen WH, So KF, Zee SY, Chang RC.(PubMed)
(2020) Neuroprotective effects of anti-aging oriental medicine Lycium barbarum against beta-amyloid peptide neurotoxicit by Yu MS1, Leung SK, Lai SW, Che CM, Zee SY, So KF, Yuen WH, Chang RC.(PubMed)
(2022) Pharmacophore-based discovery of FXR-agonists. Part II: identification of bioactive triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum by Grienke U1, Mihály-Bison J, Schuster D, Afonyushkin T, Binder M, Guan SH, Cheng CR, Wolber G, Stuppner H, Guo DA, Bochkov VN, Rollinger JM.(PubMed)
(2023) Effect of Ganoderma lucidum extract on adipocyte differentiation and adiponectin gene expression in the murine pre-adipocyte cell line, 3T3-L1. by Shimojo Y1, Kosaka K, Shirasawa T.(PubMed)
(2024) Ganoderma lucidum mushroom for the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors by Klupp NL1, Chang D, Hawke F, Kiat H, Cao H, Grant SJ, Bensoussan A.(PubMed)
(2025) Antihyperglycemic effect of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by Li F1, Zhang Y, Zhong Z.(PubMed)
(2026) Isolation and structure determination of a cholesterol esterase inhibitor from Ganoderma lucidum by Kim SD1.(PubMed)
(2027) Effect of 26-oxygenosterols from Ganoderma lucidum and their activity as cholesterol synthesis inhibitors by Hajjaj H1, Macé C, Roberts M, Niederberger P, Fay LB.(PubMed)
(2028) Hypoglycemic effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides in type 2 diabetic mice by Xiao C1, Wu QP, Cai W, Tan JB, Yang XB, Zhang JM.(PubMed)


(2029) Effect of astragaloside IV on hepatic glucose-regulating enzymes in diabetic mice induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin by Lv L1, Wu SY, Wang GF, Zhang JJ, Pang JX, Liu ZQ, Xu W, Wu SG, Rao JJ.(PubMed)
(2030) Effect of geniposide, a hypoglycemic glucoside, on hepatic regulating enzymes in diabetic mice induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin by Wu SY1, Wang GF, Liu ZQ, Rao JJ, Lü L, Xu W, Wu SG, Zhang JJ.(PubMed)
(2031) Treatment of glomerular endothelial dysfunction in steroid-resistant nephrosis with Ganoderma lucidum, vitamins C, E and vasodilators by Futrakul N1, Boonyen M, Patumraj S, Siriviriyakul P, Tosukhowong P, Futrakul P.(PubMed)
(2032) Wound healing activity of an aqueous extract of the Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (higher Basidiomycetes) by Gupta A1, Kirar V1, Keshri GK1, Gola S1, Yadav A1, Negi PS2, Misra K3.(PubMed)
(2033) Anti-angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) proteins from mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) by P. Karst. Mohamad Ansor N1, Abdullah N, Aminudin N.(PubMed)
(2034) Development of Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Higher Basidiomycetes) polysaccharides injection formulation by Jiang Y1, He A2, Liu Y3, Xie B1, Li Y4, Deng Y5, Liu X5, Liu Q6.(PubMed)
(2035) Changes in weight gain, faecal oocyst count and packed cell volume of Eimeria tenella-infected broilers treated with a wild mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) aqueous extract by Ogbe AO1, Atawodi SE, Abdu PA, Sannusi A, Itodo AE.(PubMed)
(2036) [Role of phytotherapy in the prevention and treatment of obesity]. [Article in Hungarian] by Balázs A1.(PubMed)

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