The Holistic approach for Prevention, controlling and Treatment - Chinese Herbs for Lower and Middle burner causes of Candida Albicans Overgrowth

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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

What is Candida Albicans
Candida albicans are members of a large group of micro organism whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within the membranes, including yeast(2)(3), fungi(4)(5)(6), and mold(6) that live among the gut flora in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract. In fact, under normal circumstances, Candida albicans that do not cause harmful effects, but overgrowth result in candidiasis. Non-albicans Candida (NAC) species cause 35-65% of all candidaemias in the general patient population(1). According to joint study, in many cases, biofilm(microorganisms with cells stick to each other on a surface) formation(7) gene mutations(8) and overexpression of genes(9)(10) are often associated with increased Candida resistance toward antifungal agents.




                                                           Treatment

                                                In Traditional Chinese Medicine 

In traditional Chinese medicine, candidiasis is defined as a malfunction of the Triple Burner-related condition due to spleen and stomach disorder(401), causing excess fluid or phlegm in our system(402), weakening immune system(403)(402), leading to damp heat accumulates in the Lower, Middle and Upper Burner causes of candidiasis(401).


                                                   Cleansing TCM Herbs


Overgrowth of candida in TCM is considered as the accumulation of waste, phlegm and damp heat, toxins due to inability of spleen and stomach in digesting foods properly(401).


      Chinese Herbs for Lower and Middle burner causes of Candida Albicans Overgrowth


1. Long Dan Cao (Gentianae Radix)
Long can cao is also known as Gentian is a genus of flowering plants (Gentiana L), belonging to the family Gentianaceae. The bitter, cold and non toxic herb has been used in TCM as analgesic(407) and to treat inflammation(404)(406), stimulate the digestive system(407)(408), in regulation of production of bile(409)(411), hydrochloride acid(411)(413) and other digestive enzymes secretion from panceas(414) by clearing liver and gallbladder damp heat(419) as it enhances the functions of liver, gallbladder and stomach channels(410)(412). According to study, the herb contains 5 active iridoids (loganic acid, 6'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylgentiopicroside, swertiamarin, gentiopicroside, sweroside)(405), responsible for some of pharmaceutical activities, including cardiovascular, antihepatotoxic, choleretic, hypoglycemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory,..... activities(406).
According to The University of Hong Kong, Long gan cao showed effectively in inhibition of Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, through its anti microbial activities(418)

2. Huang Qin (Skullcap)
Huang qin is also known as skullcap, a genus of Scutellaria, belonging to the family Lamiaceae. The bitter and cold herb has been used in TCM as antihistamine(415), anti edema(415) and anti-toxin(415) agents and to promote bowel movements(416), treat hepatitis B(417) by clearing heat(419), drying fire, draining dampness(419) as it promotes the functions of gallbladder, large intestine, lung, stomach channels. According to Integrating Complementary Medicine into Veterinary Practice By Paula Jo Broadfoot, Richard E. Palmquist, Karen Johnston, Jiu Jia Wen, Barbara Fougere, skullcap exhibited anti inflammatory, anti allergic, anti microorganisms effects(419), probably through its antioxidant and stimulating immune activities(420).

3. Zhi Zi (Gardenia)
Zhi zi is also known as gardenia fruit, a genus of Gardenia, belonging to the family Rubiaceae, native to the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, southern Asia, Australasia and Oceania. The bitter, cold and toxic herb has been used in TCM as  anti toxic and antimalarial(421) antibiotic, antibacterial (424) antithrombotic(423), including resistant bacteria carrying blaNDM-1 and Candida albicans(426) and anti-inflammatory(421) effects and to treat digestive disorder(425) by dispersing fire, clearing heat, draining dampness, expelling toxins as it enhances the functions of heart, liver, lung, stomach, triple warmer channels.

4. Mu Tong (Akebia caulis)
Mu Tong is also known as Akebia caulis, a genus of akebia, belonging to the family Lardizabalaceae. The bitter and cool herb has been used in TCM as antibiotic, (Including inhibition of a variety of pathogenic fungi, including candida albicans(428)) anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory(429), a diuretic(430) and a pain reliever agent(427)(429) and to calm pain on urination(428)(429) and clearing heat as it promotes the functions of bladder, heart, small intestine channels(428).

5. Che Qian Cao (Plaintain)
Che qian cao is also known as Plaintain, the common name for herbaceous plants of the genus Musa, native to Southeast Asia and Oceania. The sweet and cold herb has been used in TCM as antimicrobials agent(431)(432)  and to promote intestinal health, by blocking adhesion of intestinal pathogens(433), probably through its antioxidant(436) and Immunomodulatory(437) effects, treat damp heat in the lower burner channel(439) due to infection(431)(434)and sexual dysfunction(435), stop diarrhea(438) by clearing the liver and lungs and transforming phlegm as it promotes the functions of bladder, kidney, liver, lung channels(439).

6. Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma)
Ze xie is also known as Alisma, a genus of flowering plants in the family Alismataceae, found in a variety of still water habitats all over the world. The sweet and cold herb has been used in TCM as antioxidant(450) agent and to treat painful and difficult urination, edema, atopic dermatitis(445), nephropathy, hypoglycemica(446), diabetes(449), inflammation(441)(444), diarrhea(442), leukorrhagia(443), caused by damp heat in the lower burner(440), by eliminating water(441), clearing heat and damp heat as its enhances the functions of kidney and bladder channels(440).
According to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, herbal formula Jianpi Huoxue Decoction, containing ze xie, effectively improved  intestinal permeability by allowing nutrients to pass through the gut, while blocking potentially toxins from entering(448).

7. Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri)
Chai hu is also known as Buplerum, a genus Buplerum of plants of the Apiaceae family. The bitter and cold herd has been used in TCM as anthelmintic(453)(456), anti proliferative(456), antimicrobial(459) and anti stress(455) agent and to treat fever, cold, hepatitis(451), diabetes(452), irregular menses(59), prolapse of uterus(459), and prolapse of rectum(459) by clearing heat and resolving depression(457) and liver stagnation(458) as it promotes the functions of the liver, gallbladder, pericardium, triple burner channels.
According to studies, the herb also process a very strong antioxidant contents through its total phenolic compounds including B. falcatum, B. falcatum 'Mishima' and B. latissimum, via radical scavenging activity(454).

8. Etc.

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+ References
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(2) Pathogenicity and drug resistance in Candida albicans and other yeast species. A review by Mishra NN¹, Prasad T, Sharma N, Payasi A, Prasad R, Gupta DK, Singh R.(PubMed)
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(7) The effect of antifungal combination on transcripts of a subset of drug-resistance genes in clinical isolates of Candida species induced biofilms by Ibrahim NH¹, Melake NA², Somily AM³, Zakaria AS⁴, Baddour MM⁵, Mahmoud AZ⁶(PubMed)
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(401) Traditional Chinese Medicine for Candidiasis(Traditional Chinese medicine information page)
(402) Spleen(Earth)(5 organs network of Chinese medicine)
(403) Digestive Disorders Health Center(WebMD)
(404) The anti-inflammatory secoiridoid glycosides from Gentianae Scabrae Radix: the root and rhizome of Gentiana scabra by He YM¹, Zhu S, Ge YW, Kazuma K, Zou K, Cai SQ, Komatsu K.(PubMed)
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(406) Iridoid(Wikipedia)
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(412) long dan cao(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
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(415) Huang Qin (Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
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(417) Skullcap(University of Maryland medical center)
(418) Antimicrobial activity of Chinese medicine herbs against common bacteria in oral biofilm. A pilot study by Wong RW1, Hägg U, Samaranayake L, Yuen MK, Seneviratne CJ, Kao R.(PubMed)
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(420) Botanical Medicine in Clinical Practice - Page 430
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(427) Akebia - Ask Dr. Mao
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[Article in Spanish] by Bernal C¹, Alcaraz GM, Botero JE.(PubMed)

(439) Che Qian Cao (Complementary and Alternative Healing University)

(440) Ze Xie (Complementary and Alternative Healing University)

(441) Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality control of Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep: a review by Tian T¹, Chen H¹, Zhao YY².(PubMed) 

(442) 间明中药学 By Eric Brand, Nigel Wiseman. Page 509

(443) The Healing Power of Chinese Herbs and Medicinal RecipesBy Ethan B Russo, Joseph Hou. PAGE 463 

(444) Ethanol extract of Alismatis Rhizoma reduces acute lung inflammation by suppressing NF-κB and activating Nrf2 by Han CW¹, Kwun MJ, Kim KH, Choi JY, Oh SR, Ahn KS, Lee JH, Joo M.(PubMed)
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(446) Study on the hypoglycemic activities and metabolism of alcohol extract of Alismatis Rhizoma by Li Q¹, Qu H.(PubMed)
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(451) Saikosaponin a, an active compound of Radix Bupleuri, attenuates inflammation in hypertrophied 3T3-L1 adipocytes via ERK/NF-κB signaling pathways by Kim SO¹, Park JY¹, Jeon SY¹, Yang CH², Kim MR¹.(PubMed)
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(454) Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of three Bupleurum taxa by Kim H, Kim SH, Yun KW.(PubMed)
(455) Yokukansan, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, alleviates the emotional abnormality induced by maladaptation to stress in mice by Tsuji M¹, Takeuchi T², Miyagawa K², Ishii D², Imai T², Takeda K², Kitajima M³, Takeda H⁴.(PubMed)
(456)Antioxidant and Proliferative Activities of Bupleuri Radix Extract Against Serum Deprivation in SH-SY5Y Cells by Seo MK¹, Cho HY, Lee CH, Koo KA, Park YK, Lee JG, Lee BJ, Park SW, Kim YH.(PubMed)
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(458)[Effects of resolving phlegm method on fibrinolytic status in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients of phlegm and blood-stasis syndrome].[Article in Chinese] by Chen L¹, Jiang YK, Cai YB.(PubMed)
(459) Chai Hu(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)