(Preview) Most common diseases of 50 plus - Diseases of Central Nervous system(CNS): Dementia - Treatments of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome due to long-term alcohol abuse

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         Diseases of Central Nervous system

                           Dementia

About 5-8% of all people over the age of 65 have some form of dementia, and this number doubles every five years above that age. Dementia is the loss of mental ability, severe enough to interfere with people's every life and Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia in aging people.

VI. Treatments
Depending to the causes of disease, most medication are to control the symptoms
B. Treatment of  Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome due to long-term alcohol abuse
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome is a type of dementia as a result of long term alcohol abuse causes of irreversible damage of the brain(447) due to thiamine deficiency with high morbidity and mortality(446).
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS) is not a rare disorder, particularly in individuals who abuse alcohol, but there are insufficient evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials to guide clinicians in the dose, frequency, route or duration of thiamine treatment(450)
1. Initial treatment consists of reversing the thiamine deficiency by giving supplemental thiamine(448) and intravenous (IV) thiamine has little risk(449), Usually, the treatments begin with an initial intravenous or intramuscular dose, then followed by supplemental oral doses(447).
Patients with diabetes are found to associate with 15% high risk of  Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome(451). Treatments of such patients should be taken accounted of glucose intake(453) as the combined diseases may cause disturbances of consciousness, or intoxication(452) with spiking acute serum glucose level(452).
According to State University of New York at Binghamton, treatment of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome has shown to cause long-term alterations in neurogenesis(reduction of newly neuron generation) and gliogenesis(generation of non-neuronal Glial cells populations)(454).
Thiamine treatment usually can not reverse the loss of memory and intellect of Korsakoff psychosism but stopping alcohol use can prevent additional loss of brain function and damage to the  nerves(456).

2. Side effects are not limit to(455)
a. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms
b. Experience hallucinations,
c. Confusion, and/or
d. Agitation.
e. Etc.

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References   
(446) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23582065
(447) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20364001
(448) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25201422
(449) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23157990

(450) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14974055
(451) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22332852
(452) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3596452
(453) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3368823
(454) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21440532
(455) http://www.healthline.com/health/wernicke-korsakoff-syndrome
(456) http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000771.htm 
(456) http://www.helpguide.org/elder/parkinsons_disease.htm