Herbal Cinnamon and Alzheimer's Diseases

Kyle J. Norton

Adding spicy cinnamon into your diet may reduce risk of Alzheimer's Diseases, new study suggested. Although, cinnamon is best known for its anti diabetic effect, it has also consisted certain chemical constituents associated to prevent Insulin resistance causes of complication such as obesity(1) and neurodiseases(2).

The herb has been used in folk medicine as anti-fungal and bacterial agents and to improve reproductive organ, prevent flatulence and intestinal cramping, treat indigestion, diarrhea, bad breath, headache, migraine, etc.(3).

Alzheimer's disease is a brain disorder correlated with major reductions of neurons to the respective target areas, named after German physician Alois Alzheimer. Alzheimer's destroys brain cells, causing cognitive modalities severe enough to affect language communication, memory, lifelong hobbies or social life. Alzheimer's gets worse over time, and it is fatal. 

According to statistic, over 25 million people in the world today are affected by dementia and most are suffering from Alzheimer's disease. It may be a result of  cigarette smoking, midlife high blood pressure and obesity, diabetes, and cerebrovascular lesions and psychosocial factors (high education, active social engagement, physical exercise, and mentally stimulating activity)(10)

In insulin resistance Winstar male rats induced by high fat/high fructose (HF/HFr), Cinnamon (CN) showed to alleviate the increases in mRNA associated with Alzheimers such as PTEN, Tau and amyloid precursor protein, through its neuroprotective associated with improved whole body insulin sensitivity and related changes in the brain.(4). Its aqueous extract also found to have the ability to inhibit tau aggregation in vitro and even induce dissociation of tangles isolated from AD brain, as well as sequestering highly reactive and toxic byproducts of oxidation, through protect tau from abnormal modifications, according to the University of California(5).

PTEN, is a tumor suppressor gene through the action of its phosphatase protein  involved in the regulation of the cell cycle.
Tau protein found in neurons of the central nervous system, un-stabilize microtubules has been found in patients with Alzheimer's Diseases.
Amyloid precursor protein, plays an important role in formation of synapses between neurons in the nervous system, showed to generate beta amyloid (Aβ) in patients with Alzheimer's diseases

In cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease animal models, caused by accumulation of soluble oligomeric assemblies of β-amyloid polypeptide (Aβ), oral administration of cinnamon extract (CEppt), enhanced the decrease of Aβ oligomers, reduction of plaques and improvement in cognitive behavior(6).

Some researchers suggested that the spice may be used as amyloid-beta aggregation blockers as a few approved drugs available to treat Alzheimer disease(9) due to many potential drugs in the pipeline for the disease and other amyloid-associated illnesses may not be as promising as thought(8).

Taken altogether, cinnamon and its extract may have a protective effect in reduced risk and for treatment of Alzheimer's Diseases, through reduction of the complication causes by metabolic syndrome such as obesity and diabetes. According to DR. Georgakopoulou EA(7),  Oral intake of Cinnamon may cause Stomatitis, and burning sensation in mouth with large amount. The traditional Chinese medicine also insisted that Overdoses of cinnamon can be toxic and damaged to liver(1)(7).

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References
(1) Cinnamon extract improves insulin sensitivity in the brain and lowers liver fat in mouse models of obesity by Sartorius T¹, Peter A², Schulz N³, Drescher A², Bergheim I⁴, Machann J⁵, Schick F⁶, Siegel-Axel D², Schürmann A³, Weigert C¹, Häring HU¹, Hennige AM(PubMed)
(2) Neurochemical and behavioral effects of Cinnamomi cassiae (Lauraceae) bark aqueous extract in obese rats by Bano F¹, Ikram H², Akhtar N³.(PubMed)
(3) @Popular Herbs -Cinnamon
(4) Cinnamon counteracts the negative effects of a high fat/high fructose diet on behavior, brain insulin signaling and Alzheimer-associated changes by Anderson RA¹, Qin B², Canini F³, Poulet L⁴, Roussel AM(PubMed)
(5) Interaction of cinnamaldehyde and epicatechin with tau: implications of beneficial effects in modulating Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis by George RC¹, Lew J, Graves DJ.(PubMed)
(6) Orally administrated cinnamon extract reduces β-amyloid oligomerization and corrects cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease animal models by Frydman-Marom A¹, Levin A, Farfara D, Benromano T, Scherzer-Attali R, Peled S, Vassar R, Segal D, Gazit E, Frenkel D, Ovadia M.(PubMed)
(7) Alzheimer's disease drug discovery from herbs: neuroprotectivity from beta-amyloid (1-42) insult by Kim DS¹, Kim JY, Han YS.(PubMed)
(8) Amyloid blockers may be a dead end(The scientist)
(9) Simple in vitro assays to identify amyloid-beta aggregation blockers for Alzheimer's disease therapy by Guo JP¹, Yu S, McGeer PL.(PubMed)
(10) Alzheimer's disease in Foods Points of View(General health)