Herbal Burdock and Gastroprotective activity

Burdock is plant in the group of biennial thistles, genus Arctium, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to the Euro. It has been used over thousand of years in Chins and other traditional herbal medicine as a diuretic, diaphoretic, and a blood purifying agent and to treat wounds and infections stomach ulcers and other digestive problems.
The digestive system includes gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder with the function to digest foods and transfer the nutrients to the body needs.

The ingredients
It contains carbonated water, sugar,, manloid colourings, phosphoric acid, citric acid and a good amount of dietary fiber, calcium, potassium, and amino acids and chemicals compounds of guaianolide, arctinone, arctinal, methyl arctate，11-tridecadien-3，5，7，9-tetraynde-hydrocostus lactone，dehydrodihydrocostus lactone, 3-octenoic acid, 3-hexenoic acid etc.

The benefits
Arctium lappa L. has been used in folk medicine as digestive stimulant to treat digestive disorder, including digestive sluggishness. Sesquiterpene onopordopicrin (ONP)-enriched fraction (termed the ONP fraction), obtained from A. lappa leaves, exerted the Gastroprotective effect with  involvement of  endogenous sulfhydryls. chloroform extract (CE) of the roots from A. lappa and its fractions intake found to be significantly reduced gastric lesions induced by ethanol, chronic gastric ulceration induced by acetic acid. Intraduodenal extarct CE of the herb reduced the total acidity of gastric secretion,..... as its chemical constituents protect animals from gastric lesions by reducing gastric acid secretion via inhibition of gastric H+, K+ -ATPase.

The Side effects
1. Overdose can be poisoning and may lead to symptoms of acute poisoning include phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, and antihistamines.
2. It may cause dermatitis and allergic/inflammatory responses to certain people with contact as a result of lactones which the plant produces.
3. Do not use burdock if you are pregnant or breast feeding.
4. Etc.

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References
(1) Anti-ulcerogenic mechanisms of the sesquiterpene lactone onopordopicrin-enriched fraction from Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae): role of somatostatin, gastrin, and endogenous sulfhydryls and nitric oxide by de Almeida AB, Luiz-Ferreira A, Cola M, Di Pietro Magri L, Batista LM, de Paiva JA, Trigo JR, Souza-Brito AR.(PubMed)
(2) Gastroprotective activity of the chloroform extract of the roots from Arctium lappa L by Dos Santos AC, Baggio CH, Freitas CS, Lepieszynski J, Mayer B, Twardowschy A, Missau FC, dos Santos EP, Pizzolatti MG, Marques MC.(PubMed)