Hydrocephalus - The Types

Hydrocephalus, also known as "water in the brain" is defined as complex and multifactorial neurological disorders of accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the cavity of brain of that can lead to intracranial pressure inside the side, resulting of brain trauma, stroke, infection, tumor, etc.

I. Types of Hydrocephalus
1. Congenital hydrocephalus
Congenital hydrocephalus is a condition presented at birth as a result of genetic defect or abnormal fetal development. In the study to illustrate the value of knockout mice in identifying genetic factors involved in the development of congenital hydrocephalus, showed that dysfunctional motile cilia represent the underlying pathogenetic mechanism in 8 of the 12 lines (Ulk4, Nme5, Nme7, Kif27, Stk36, Dpcd, Ak7, and Ak8)... characterization of mouse models can enhance understanding of important cell signaling and developmental pathways involved in the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus(1). At least 43 mutants/loci linked to hereditary hydrocephalus have been identified in animal models and humans. Up to date, 9 genes associated with hydrocephalus have been identified in animal models. In contrast, only one such gene has been identified in humans. Most of known hydrocephalus gene products are the important cytokines, growth factors or related molecules in the cellular signal pathways during early brain development(2).

2. Acquired hydrocephalus
Acquired hydrocephalus is a condition developed after birth as a result of injure or diseases.

3. Communicating hydrocephalus or non-obstructive hydrocephalus,
Communicating hydrocephalus is defined as condition as the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can still flow between the ventricles.

4.  Non communicating hydrocephalus or obstructive hydrocephalus
Non communicating hydrocephalus is defined as a condition as the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)  is blocked and can not flow between the ventricles.

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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21746835
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16773266