Sinusitis is defined as a condition of inflammation
of the paranasal sinuses of which can develop headache as a result of
exposure to a cold or flu virus, or an allergic reaction to pollen,
mold, dust or smoke, etc..Sinusitis affects 37 million people each year.
II. Types of Sinus headache
1. Acute Sinus headache
Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is triggered by viral or, uncommonly,
bacterial infection, causing inflammatory symptoms for ≤12 weeks(15),
other suggested that if symptoms last less than 10 days, it is generally
considered viral sinusitis. When symptoms last more than 10 days, it is
considered bacterial sinusitis. Usually 30% to 50% of cases are
bacterial. MFNS 200 μg twice daily significantly increased
minimal-symptom days vs amoxicillin or placebo in patients with ARS.
Results of this intranasal corticosteroids (INS) therapy indicate it can
improve outcomes and potentially reduce inappropriate antibiotic use in
treatment of acute sinus headache(15)
2. Chronic Sinus headache
Chronic Sinus headache is defined as a condition with symptoms lasted
longer than 8 weeks. Although chronic sinusitis is not a
life-threatening disease, it has a severe impact on a individual’s
quality of life. Most case of chronic sinus headache are caused by
structure abnormality, such as the growths of benign tumors in the
sinuses or nasal polyps in the nasal cavity or sinuses, but in some case
it can be caused by others, including chronic invasive sinusitis caused
by dematiaceous fungi(16), allergic fungal sinusitis(17)
3. Subacute sinusitis
Subacute sinusitis is defined as a condition of symptoms of 4 to 8
weeks’ duration. In most cases, it is treated with antibiotics therapy,
but according to Dr. Dohlman AW and the team in the study of Sixty-seven
of the 96 subjects (70%) responded: 58 (87%) in 3 weeks and 9 (13%) in 6
weeks. Fifty-five of the responders were in the antimicrobial treatment
group, and 12 were prescribed no antimicrobial medication. Twenty-nine
of the 96 subjects (30%) did not respond to treatment; 22 received an
antimicrobial and seven received no antimicrobial medication. The number
of responders and nonresponders was similar in the antimicrobial- and
nonantimicrobial-treated groups (p = NS), and no single antimicrobial
medication demonstrated greater treatment effectiveness(18)
4. Recurrent acute sinusitis
Recurrent acute sinusitis is defined as a condition of reoccurring of
sinusitis, three or more episodes per year, with each episode lasting
less than 2 weeks. In most cases, it is caused by scar tissue formation
at the surgical sit, if patient have previous surgery. Others causes can
be differentiated according symptoms and the respond to medical
treatment. Researchers suggested that the addition of intranasal
corticosteroid, MFNS 400 microg twice daily, to antibiotics
significantly reduces symptoms of acute sinusitis compared with
antibiotic treatment alone(19)
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Sources
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22469449
(16) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22239050
(17) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9199091
(18) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8491934
(19) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11031332
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