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Thursday, 28 November 2013

Pulmonary vascular disease – Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease – The Preventions

Pulmonary vascular disease is defined as a condition of blood flow to the lung’s artery is blocked suddenly due to a blood clot somewhere in the body, including pulmonary embolism, chronic thromboembolic disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, pulmonary edema, etc.
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is an extremely rare form of pulmonary hypertension, affecting mostly in children and young adults as a result of  a progressive obstruction of small pulmonary veins that leads to elevation in pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricular failure.
V. Preventions
Since patients with are at high risk of hemoptysis, using the below preventive diet and phytochemicals and antioxidant should be taken with care and only with the related field specialists
1. Dietary nitrate
According to the study by the Queen Mary University of London, dietary nitrate (vegetables, fruit, and processed meats) and to a lesser extent dietary nitrite, elicit pulmonary dilatation, prevent pulmonary vascular remodeling, and reduce the right ventricular hypertrophy characteristic of PH. This favorable pharmacodynamic profile depends on endothelial NO synthase and xanthine oxidoreductase -catalyzed reduction of nitrite to NO. Exploitation of this mechanism (ie, dietary nitrate/nitrite supplementation) represents a viable, orally active therapy for PH(40).
2. Fish oil
In the study of the effects of dietary polyunsaturated fats on chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension were assessed in rats fed fish oil, corn oil, or a lower fat, “high-carbohydrate” diet (regular) beginning 1 mo before the start of hypoxia (0.4 atm, n = 30 for each), showed that  fish oil diet increased lung eicosapentaenoic acid 50-fold and depleted lung arachidonic acid 60% (P less than 0.0001 for each). Lung thromboxane B2 and 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha levels were lower, and platelet aggregation, in response to collagen, was reduced in rats fed fish oil. Chronically hypoxic rats fed fish oil had lower mortality rates than the other hypoxic rats. They also had lower blood viscosity, as well as less right ventricular hypertrophy and less peripheral extension of vascular smooth muscle to intra-acinar pulmonary arteries (P less than 0.05 for each). The mechanism by which dietary fish oil decreases pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling during chronic hypoxia remains uncertain(41).
3. Dietary phytoestrogens
In the study totest the hypothesis that phytoestrogenic compounds in the diet contributed to the female cardioprotectionfour groups of female rats were studied: sham-operated (Sham) and fistula (Fist) rats fed a diet with [P(+)] or without [P(-)] phytoestrogens. Eight weeks postfistula, systolic and diastolic cardiac function was assessed by using a blood-perfused, isolated heart preparation. High-phytoestrogen diet had no effect on body, heart, and lung weights, or cardiac function in Sham rats., showed that hypothesized that phytoestrogenic compounds in the diet contributed to the female cardioprotection(42). Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
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Sources 
(40) http://lib.bioinfo.pl/paper:21968645 
(41) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2732158
(42) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15961607

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