Thyroid disease is defined as a condition of malfunction of thyroid.
Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is over active
and produces too much thyroid hormones. Hypothyroidism is a condition
in which the thyroid gland is under active and produces very little
thyroid hormones. Thyroid cancer is defined as condition in which the
cells in the thyroid gland have become cancerous.
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis)
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune
system attacks the thyroid gland of that mostly often leads an
underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism). According to the study by
the University of Pisa, Women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) suffer
from a high symptom load independently from hypothyroidism, which
results just a contributing factor to the development of the clinical
syndrome. In agreement with these results, we recently reported on the
presence of symptoms and signs consistent with fibromyalgia (FM) in
patients with HT regardless thyroid dysfunction, focusing to the weight
of anti-thyroid autoimmunity in the HT-associated clinical syndrome(a).
F. Treatments
A. In conventional Medicine
1. Levothyroxine therapy
In the study to evaluate the clinical course of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
(HT) in children and adolescents and the effects of levothyroxine
therapy on the clinical course and laboratory findings, showed that
thyroid functions of the patients with HT should be monitored
periodically for hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine therapy may positively
affect the clinical course of the disease and the antibody titers(33).
2. Combination of liothyronine (T3) and levothyroxine
In a systematic review of all the published controlled studies comparing
treatment with levothyroxine alone with combinations of levothyroxine
plus liothyronine in hypothyroid patients, identified through the
Entrez-PubMed search engine, found thatnine controlled clinical trials
were identified that compared treatment with levothyroxine alone and
treatment with combinations of levothyroxine plus liothyronine and
included a sufficient number of adult hypothyroid patients to yield
meaningful results. In only one study did the combined therapy appear to
have beneficial effects on the mood, quality of life, and psychometric
performance of the patients over levothyroxine alone. These results have
not been confirmed by later studies using either T3 substitution
protocols or approaches with fixed combinations of levothyroxine plus
liothyronine, including those based on the physiological proportion in
which T3 and T4 are secreted by the human thyroid. However, in some of
these studies the patients preferred levothyroxine plus liothyronine
combinations, for reasons not explained by changes in the psychological
and psychometric tests employed. Yet patients’ preference should be
balanced against the possibility of adverse events resulting from the
addition of liothyronine to levothyroxine, even in the small doses used
in these studies. Until clear advantages of levothyroxine plus
liothyronine are demonstrated, the administration of levothyroxine alone
should remain the treatment of choice for replacement therapy of
hypothyroidism(34).
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Sources
(a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22147633
(33) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22155461
(34) http://jcem.endojournals.org/content/90/8/4946.full
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