Fainting also known as Syncope of "black out" is defined as a
condition of sudden loss of consciousness followed by the return to full
wakefulness in a short duration as a result of abnormally low blood
pressure. In most cases, it is caused by hypotension, with blood
pressure that's lower than 90/60 mmHg.(1). Even though Low blood pressure
has mainly been regarded as good health for people who exercise, but
recent studies have indicated an association with depression in elderly
people. there are epidemiological evidence for an association of low blood pressure
with anxiety and depression, which is not caused by cardiovascular
disease.(2). In some case, severely low blood pressure can seriously
impair
adequate blood flow to vital organs and a life-threatening condition
called shock.
II. Symptoms
In the study of Medical Centre/University of Amsterdam, the research
team of Wieling W found that Prior to loss of consciousness the affected
individual tends to exhibit
unclear thinking[1], followed by fixation of the eyes[2] in the midline and a
'frozen' appearance[3]. Narrowing of the field of vision with loss of
colour vision[4] ('greying' out) and finally a complete loss of vision[5]
(hence 'blacking' out) occurs. Hearing loss[6] may occur following loss of
vision. This process may take as little as approximately 7 s in cases of
sudden complete circulatory arrest[7] (e.g. abrupt asystole), but in other
circumstances it may take longer depending on the rate and depth of
cerebral hypoperfusion[8]. Complete loss of consciousness occurs with the
'turning up' of the eyeballs. Profound cerebral hypoperfusion may be
accompanied by myoclonic jerks[9].(3)
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Sources
(1) http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/hyp/hyp_whatis.html
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17183016
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19587129
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