Cerebritis is defined as an inflammation of the cerebrum, a structure associated with memory, speech, etc., as a result of the formation of an abscess within the brain itself, found commonly in patients with lupus.
Systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE) or Lupus is a chronic, autoimmune
disease as as a result of the development of
autoantibodies that attack the systems and organs in the
body.researchers at the indicated that saturated fatty acid palmitate,
but not unsaturated oleate, induces the
activation of the NLRP3-ASC inflammasome, causing caspase-1, IL-1β and
IL-18 production.
Lupus
cerebritis is a disorder of nervous system problems (an autoimmune
inflammatory disorder) caused
by lupus as as a result of the development of
autoantibodies that attack the systems and organs in the body. It causes
migraine headache, if the duration of the
central nervous system involvement last for a few minutes, or causes
dementia that can lead to neurological deficits as a transient attacks
or permanently.
Treatments and management
A. In conventional medicine perspective
Management of central nervous system (CNS) involvement still remains one of the most challenging problems in systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE). In the assessment of the diseases, some
researchers suggested that the choice of treatment depends on the most
probable underlying pathogenic mechanism
and the severity of the presenting neuropsychiatric symptoms. Patients
with mild manifestations
may need symptomatic treatment only, whereas more severe acute
nonthrombotic CNS manifestations may require pulse intravenous
cyclophosphamide. Plasmapheresis may also be added in patients with more
severe illness refractory to conventional treatment. Recently, the use
of intrathecal methotrexate and dexamethasone has been reported in a
small series of patients, with a good outcome in patients with severe
CNS manifestations. Anticoagulation is warranted in patients with
thrombotic disease, particularly in those with the antiphospholipid
syndrome (APS). This article reviews the clinical approach to therapy in
patients with CNS lupus(15)
Other suggested that the therapeutic choice depends on accurate
diagnosis,
identification of underlying pathogenic mechanism, severity of the
presenting neuropsychiatric symptoms, and on prompt identification and
management of contributing causes of CNS disease. Mild neuropsychiatric
manifestations may need symptomatic treatment only. In more severe CNS
disease it is important to distinguish between thrombotic and
non-thrombotic mechanisms. Focal CNS manifestations, particularly TIA
and stroke, are associated with the presence of antiphospholipid
antibodies (aPL). Anticoagulation is warranted in patients with
thrombotic disease, particularly in those with the antiphospholipid
(Hughes) syndrome (APS). Other CNS manifestations, such as demyelinating
syndrome, transverse myelitis, chorea, seizures, migraine and/or
cognitive dysfunction, when associated with persistent positivity for
aPL, may also benefit from anticoagulation in selected patients. Severe
diffuse CNS manifestations, such as acute confusional state, generalised
seizures, mood disorders and psychosis, generally require
corticosteroids in the first instance. Pulse intravenous
cyclophosphamide therapy may help when more severe manifestations are
refractory to corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents,
generally when response is not seen in 3-5 days. Plasmapheresis may also
be added in severe cases of symptoms refractory to conventional
treatment. Intravenous immunoglobulins, mycophenolate mofetil,
rituximab, intratecal methotrexate and dexametasone deserve further
studies to confirm their usefulness in the treatment of neuropsychiatric
SLE(16)
1. Symptomatic therapy
1.1. Symptomatic therapy is defined as a
medical therapy used to treat the symptoms of the disease but not its
causes, such as Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antitussives agents, etc.
b. Side effects are not limit to
b.1. Anti-Inflammatory agent (hypertension, skin rash and itching,
gastrointestinal discomforts, ulcers and bleeding, kidney damage, etc.
b.2. Analgesics (long-term use of pain
relievers can be addictive, stomach irritation, Over doses (2000 mg/day or more) can cause liver damage, etc.
b.3. Antitussives agents (Nausea, vomitin, skin rash and itching, welling, dizziness, etc.
2. Intravenous
cyclophosphamide, methotrexate or dexamethasone or immunoglobulin
a. Depending to the severity of the diseases, medical condition, weight, response to therapy cyclophosphamide or methotrexate or dexamethasone or immunoglobulin is injection into a vein by your doctor or a
healthcare professional.
b. Side effects sre not limit to
b.1. Cyclophosphamide (Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite,
stomach ache, diarrhea, s, temporary hair loss, unusual tiredness or
weakness, joint pain, easy bruising/bleeding, etc.)
b.2. Methotrexate (Dizziness, general body discomfort, headache, loss of
appetite, mild sore throat, mild stomach pain, nausea, vomiting,
tiredness, etc.)
b.3. Dexamethasone (Difficulty sleeping, feeling of a whirling motion, increased appetite and sweating, indigestion; mood swing, nervousness, etc.)
b.4. Immunoglobulin(headache, dermatitis, chills, migraine, dizziness, fever, nausea, vomiting, fatigue , itching, increased Blood Pressure etc.)
3. Immunosuppressive Therapy
a. Immunosuppressive Therapy is defined as the treatment to suppress the immune response
to antigen(s), on most cases it is used in conditions such as organ transplantation,
autoimmune disease, allergy, etc.
b. Side effects are not limit to
b.1. Fever
b.2. High
blood pressure
b.3. Kidney function.
b.4. Researchers found that Remissions were
cyclosporine dependent in 26% of the patients
responding to a regimen that included cyclosporine. Clonal or malignant
diseases
developed in 25% of the patients.(17)
b.5. Etc.
4. Anticoagulant therapy
a. Anticoagulants is also well as blood thinners, used to slow the rate
of blood clots of diseases such as thrombosis to atrial fibrillation.
b. Side effects are not limit to
b.1. Itching,
b.2. Rashes
b.3. Easy bruising,
b.4. Increased the risk of bleeding from injuries
b.5. Purplish spots on the skin
b.6. Etc.
5. Etc. Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
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Sources
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14714914
(16) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18537650
(17) http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content/101/4/1236.full
(18) http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-03/omrf-iel032812.php
(19) http://www.lupusresearch.org/news-and-media/press-room/press-releases/gene-mutation-that-increases.html
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